Mexico

Chamber of DeputiesSenate

Chamber of Deputies

Political system Political systems: Presidential, Parliamentary, Presidential-Parliamentary, Monarchy, Communist, Transitional.
Presidential system
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Structure of parliament Structure of parliament: Unicameral, bicameral
Bicameral
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IPU membership Current membership status
Yes
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About parliament

Basic information such as the official name of parliament and details of its structure and leadership. Also includes the current breakdown of MPs by sex and age, and provisions for quotas and reserved seats.

Parliament name
Congreso de la Unión (Congress of the Union)
Chamber name
Cámara de Diputados (Chamber of Deputies)
Structure & Status of parliament This field is to indicate lower/upper in the back end.
Lower chamber
Parliamentary term (years)
3

IPU membership

Affiliation periods
from 1925 to 1928
from 1973
IPU Geopolitical Group/s IPU Geopolitical Groups: African Group, Arab Group, Asia-Pacific Group, Eurasia Group, Group of Latin America and the Caribbean (GRULAC), Twelve Plus Group.
Group of Latin America and the Caribbean (GRULAC)

Speaker

Official title The Speaker may for example be known as the Presiding Officer, President, Chairman/Chairperson, etc.
Speaker of the Chamber of Deputies
Speaker
Santiago Creel Miranda (Male)
Year of birth
1954
Term
01.09.2022 to 31.08.2023
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Secretary General

Official title This post is most commonly called Secretary General or Clerk. It may also be called Secretary, Head/Chief of the Secretariat, Director General, etc.
Secretary General
Secretary General
Graciela Báez Ricardez (Female)
Notes Additional information about the Secretary General, in particular regarding their term.
Appointed on 30 November 2018.

Members

Statutory number of members Statutory number of members, as defined in the constitution or other fundamental law.
500
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Principal mode of designation of members
Directly elected
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Directly elected members Directly elected by citizens.
500
Current number of members Number of members who currently hold seats in parliament. May be lower or higher than the statutory number of members.
500
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Men The number of male parliamentarians who currently hold seats in parliament.
250
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Women The number of female parliamentarians who currently hold seats in parliament.
250
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Percentage of women Calculated by dividing the current number of women by the current number of members.
50% See historical data for this field.
Statutory number of members per country As defined in the constitution or other fundamental laws. Combines the number of parliamentarians in both chambers in bicameral parliaments.
628
Population (in thousands)
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Age

Data on the age of parliamentarians is collected at the start of the legislature, following the most recent elections. This data is not updated during the legislature, except when parliament notifies the IPU of a change in the youngest or oldest member.

Average age of all members Age at the time of the last election or renewal.
48.05
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Youngest member (years) Age at the time of the last election or renewal.
22
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Youngest member
Karla Ayala Villalobos (Female)
Oldest member (years) Age at the time of the last election or renewal.
91
Oldest member
Augusto Gómez Villanueva (Male)
Number of members, by age
Breakdown of members by age and gender
18 - 20 21 - 30 31 - 40 41 - 45 46 - 50 51 - 60 61 - 70 71 - 80 81 - 90 91 and over Totals per gender
Totals per age interval 0 26 117 81 70 142 52 11 1 0
Total <= 45: 224 Total >= 46: 276
Male 0 8 55 36 42 79 30 8 1 0 259
Female 0 18 62 45 28 63 22 3 0 0 241
Percentage of members, by age
Age as last election or renewalOverallMaleFemale
Percentage of MPs 30 years of age or younger5.2%1.6%3.6%
Percentage of MPs 40 years of age or younger28.6%12.6%16%
Percentage of MPs 45 years of age or younger44.8%19.8%25%
Members for whom data is available
500 See historical data for this field.

Reserved seats and quotas

There are reserved seats in parliament for certain groups Reserved seats are a means to ensure the parliamentary representation of certain groups in society.
No
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Electoral quota for women Quotas to promote the representation of women in parliament.
Yes
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Notes
Article 3.1. d bis) of the April 2020 Decree (DOF: 13/04/2020)* stipulates gender parity requirements, which require 50% of candidates to be women and 50% to be men for positions filled through popular election and the same percentages for those appointed to their positions.

*DECREE reforming and supplementing various provisions of the General Law on Women's Access to a Life Free of Violence (Ley General de Acceso de las Mujeres a una Vida Libre de Violencia), the General Law on Electoral Institutions and Procedures (Ley General de Instituciones y Procedimientos Electorales), the General Law on the Electoral Disputes System (Ley General del Sistema de Medios de Impugnación en Materia Electoral), the General Law on Political Parties (Ley General de Partidos Políticos), the General Law on Electoral Offences (Ley General en Materia de Delitos Electorales), the Organic Law on the Federal Attorney General's Office (Ley Orgánica de la Fiscalía General de la República), the Organic Law on the Federal Judicial Branch (Ley Orgánica del Poder Judicial) and the General Law on Administrative Responsibilities (Ley General de Responsabilidades Administrativas).

Legislated candidate quotas.

See Quota Project: https://www.idea.int/data-tools/data/gender-quotas/country-view/220/35
Legal source Legal text that stipulates the quota, such as the Constitution or electoral law.
DOF: 13/04/2020: http://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5591565&fecha=13/04/2020

Legislated candidate quotas: Articles 219 and 220 of the Federal Code for Electoral Institutions and Procedures (Código Federal de Instituciones y Procedimientos Electorales, COFIPE).
Electoral quota for youth Quotas to promote the representation of youth in parliament.
No
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Links to additional information