ECUADOR
Parliamentary Chamber: Congreso Nacional

ELECTIONS HELD IN 1998

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Chamber:
  Congreso Nacional


Dates of elections / renewal (from/to):

  31 May 1998


Purpose of elections:

  Elections were held for all the seats in Parliament on the normal expiry of the members' term of office.


Background and outcome of elections:

  Following the previous (May 1996) general elections, President of the Republic Abdala Bucaram Ortiz was removed from office by Congress nine months later on grounds of mental incapacity. Mr. Fabian Alarcon Rivera thereupon took his place as caretaker Head of State until the May 1998 poll, which was held simultaneously with voting for Congress, provincial and local councillors.

The leading contestants of the six (including two women) vying for the presidency were Mr. Jamil Mahuad (Popular Democracy - DP), the mayor of Quito, and Mr. Alvaro Noboa (Roldosista Party of Ecuador - PRE), a wealthy businessman. Campaign debate was marked by personal accusations of drug links and threatened lawsuits between the two rivals alongside statements on substantive policy questions relating primarily to corruption and the country’s ailing economy. Problems in this latter sector (high inflation, budget deficit) had been aggravated by the sociological and infastructural damage caused by the climatic phenomenon known as El Ni�o and the worldwide drop in oil prices, Ecuador’s main export earner. Mr. Mahuad advocated an intense program of private investment to achieve a 5% annual growth rate, privatizations, job creation and housing construction.

On polling day, Mr. Mahuad and Mr. Noboa emerged on top, going into the second round of 12 July. At the same time, the centrist DP was victorious in the expanded Congress of 121 seats (20 national and 101 provincial Deputies), up from the former 82 (12 national and 70 provincial). Capturing a total of 33 seats, it replaced the center-right Social Christian Party (PSC) - which had not fielded a presidential candidate - as leading congressional group; the latter obtained 28 seats to 22 for the populist PRE.

Mr Mahuad won the runoff election and was sworn in as the new President on 10 August; the majority of the new Cabinet members were independents.

STATISTICS
Round no 1 (31 May 1998): Elections results  
Number of registered electors 7,072,496

Round no 1: Distribution of votes  
Political Group Votes
Popular Democracy (DP) 669,473
Social Christian Party (PSC) 839 567
Roldosista Party of Ecuador (PRE) 628,265
Democratic Left (ID) 544,088
New Country Movement (MNPP) 325,365
Alfarista Radical Front (FRA) n.a.
Conservative Party (PC) 184,048
Popular Democracy Movement (MPD) 151,096
Independents n.a.
Others n.a.

Round no 1: Distribution of seats  
Political Group Total National deputies Provincial deputies
Popular Democracy (DP) 33 4 29
Social Christian Party (PSC) 28 5 23
Roldosista Party of Ecuador (PRE) 22 4 18
Democratic Left (ID) 17 3 14
New Country Movement (MNPP) 5 1 4
Alfarista Radical Front (FRA) 2 0 2
Conservative Party (PC) 3 1 2
Popular Democracy Movement (MPD) 2 1 1
Independents 3 0 3
Others 6 1 5

Comments:
  The number of votes refer only to the national deputies

Distribution of seats according to sex:  
Men: 100
Women: 21


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Copyright � 1998 Inter-Parliamentary Union