Spain

About parliament

Basic information such as the official name of parliament and details of its structure and leadership. Also includes the current breakdown of MPs by sex and age, and provisions for quotas and reserved seats.

Parliament name
Las Cortes Generales (The Cortes)
Chamber name
Senado (Senate)
Structure & Status of parliament This field is to indicate lower/upper in the back end.
Upper chamber
Parliamentary term (years)
4

IPU membership

Affiliation periods
from 1889
IPU Geopolitical Group/s IPU Geopolitical Groups: African Group, Arab Group, Asia-Pacific Group, Eurasia Group, Group of Latin America and the Caribbean (GRULAC), Twelve Plus Group.
Twelve Plus Group

Speaker

Official title The Speaker may for example be known as the Presiding Officer, President, Chairman/Chairperson, etc.
President of the Senate
Speaker
Pedro Rollán (Male)
Year of birth
1969
Term
17.08.2023
Additional information
Elected on 17 Aug. 2023.
See historical data for this field.

Secretary General

Official title This post is most commonly called Secretary General or Clerk. It may also be called Secretary, Head/Chief of the Secretariat, Director General, etc.
Secretary General
Secretary General
Sara Sieira Mucientes (Female)
Notes Additional information about the Secretary General, in particular regarding their term.
Appointed on 18 Jan. 2024.

Members

Statutory number of members Statutory number of members, as defined in the constitution or other fundamental law.
265
See historical data for this field. Compare data of this field.
Principal mode of designation of members
Directly elected members Directly elected by citizens.
208
Indirectly elected members Indirectly elected, for example by regional parliaments or an electoral college.
57
Note on the statutory number of members
Indirectly elected members: elected by the parliaments of the 17 Autonomous Communities.
Current number of members Number of members who currently hold seats in parliament. May be lower or higher than the statutory number of members.
265
See historical data for this field. Compare data of this field.
Men The number of male parliamentarians who currently hold seats in parliament.
153
See historical data for this field.
Women The number of female parliamentarians who currently hold seats in parliament.
112
See historical data for this field.
Percentage of women Calculated by dividing the current number of women by the current number of members.
42.26% See historical data for this field.
Statutory number of members per country As defined in the constitution or other fundamental laws. Combines the number of parliamentarians in both chambers in bicameral parliaments.
615 See historical data for this field.
Population (in thousands)
Click for historical data
See historical data for this field.

Age

Data on the age of parliamentarians is collected at the start of the legislature, following the most recent elections. This data is not updated during the legislature, except when parliament notifies the IPU of a change in the youngest or oldest member.

Average age of all members Age at the time of the last election or renewal.
53.25
See historical data for this field.
Youngest member (years) Age at the time of the last election or renewal.
Youngest member
Jan Pomés López (Male)
Oldest member (years) Age at the time of the last election or renewal.
77
Oldest member
Martín Sans Pairutó (Male)
Number of members, by age
Breakdown of members by age and gender
18 - 20 21 - 30 31 - 40 41 - 45 46 - 50 51 - 60 61 - 70 71 - 80 81 - 90 91 and over Totals per gender
Totals per age interval 0 5 21 23 48 95 61 6 0 0
Total <= 45: 49 Total >= 46: 210
Male 0 5 11 11 21 49 46 5 0 0 148
Female 0 0 10 12 27 46 15 1 0 0 111
Percentage of members, by age
Age as last election or renewalOverallMaleFemale
Percentage of MPs 30 years of age or younger1.93%1.93%0%
Percentage of MPs 40 years of age or younger10.04%6.18%3.86%
Percentage of MPs 45 years of age or younger18.92%10.42%8.49%
Members for whom data is available
259 See historical data for this field.

Reserved seats and quotas

There are reserved seats in parliament for certain groups Reserved seats are a means to ensure the parliamentary representation of certain groups in society.
Electoral quota for women Quotas to promote the representation of women in parliament.
Notes
Legislated candidate quotas. Candidate lists must have a balanced proportion of women and men, so that candidates of either sex make up at least 40% of total membership. Where the number of seats to be covered is less than five, the balance between women and men shall be as even as possible.
Electoral quota for youth Quotas to promote the representation of youth in parliament.