Brazil
Federal Senate
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Political system
Political systems: Presidential, Parliamentary, Presidential-Parliamentary, Monarchy, Communist, Transitional.
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Presidential system
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Structure of parliament
Structure of parliament: Unicameral, bicameral
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Bicameral
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IPU membership
Current membership status
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Yes
Election results
Data on parliamentary elections, including the background, candidates, voter turnout, results and the formation of the new legislature. By default the latest election results are displayed. Select a date to view results from previous elections.
Background
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Election date(s)
The date when elections started and ended for directly or indirectly elected parliaments/chambers. The date of appointments for appointed parliaments/chambers.
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07 Oct 2018
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Date of dissolution of the outgoing legislature
Date at which the previous legislature (elected at the previous elections) was dissolved.
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No information available
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Timing of election
Timing of election: Upon normal expiry; Early elections; Delayed elections
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Upon normal expiry
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Number of seats at stake
Number of seats contested at the elections. Where the parliament/chamber is fully renewed, this number is usually identical to the statutory number of members. Where the parliament/chamber is partially renewed or appointed, the number of seats at stake is usually less than the total number of members.
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54
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Scope of elections
Scope of elections: Full renewal; Partial renewal.
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Partial renewal
Candidates
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Number of parties contesting the election
This field may include either the number of parties contesting the election, or the number of coalitions/electoral alliance.
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35
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Total number of candidates
Total number of people who registered as candidates for election. Does not include people who stood as candidates to become "substitute members".
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358
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Number of male candidates
Number of male candidates
View field in the data dictionary -
295
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Number of female candidates
Number of female candidates
View field in the data dictionary -
63
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Percentage of women candidates
The percentage is calculated by dividing the number of women candidates by the total number of candidates.
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17.6%
Voter turnout
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Registered voters
Number of people registered to vote
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146,750,529
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Voters
Number of people who actually voted
View field in the data dictionary -
117,111,572
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Voter turnout
The percentage is calculated by dividing the number of people who actually voted by the number of people registered to vote
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79.8%
Results
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About the election
Short description of the context and results of the election.
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The 2018 elections returned a fragmented Congress, with 30 parties winning seats in the 513-member Chamber of Deputies and 20 parties sharing 54 seats up for renewal in the 81-member Senate. The Workers' Party (PT) remained the largest party in the Chamber of Deputies, winning 56 seats, down from 70 in 2014. The Social Liberal Party (PSL), which held only one seat in the outgoing legislature, became the second largest party, winning 52. The number of women increased from 51 to 77 in the Chamber of Deputies and from 11 to 12 in the Senate. A woman of indigenous descent was elected to the Chamber of Deputies, becoming the first indigenous woman to enter the Brazilian Congress.
No candidate secured a majority in the first round of the presidential elections held in parallel with the parliamentary elections. In the run-off elections held on 28 October, former army captain Jair Bolsonaro (PSL) defeated Mr. Fernando Haddad (PT). The PSL pledged to fight crime and corruption while the PT promised to reverse austerity measures and boost spending to drag the country out of the recession. On 1 January 2019, Mr. Bolsonaro assumed the presidency. His government comprised his PSL, the Democrats (DEM), the Brazilian Democratic Movement (MDB), the Brazilian Republican Party (PRB) and Novo.
The 2018 elections were held amid political turmoil marked by numerous corruption scandals involving prominent political figures from various parties, including former heads of State and members of parliament.
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Number of parties winning seats
The number of parties which won parliamentary representation in the given election.
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20
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Percentage of parties winning seats
The percentage is calculated by dividing the number of parties which won parliamentary representation by the number of parties contesting the election.
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57.1%
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Percentage of seats won by largest party or coalition
The percentage is calculated by dividing the number of seats won by the largest party by the number of seats at stake in the election.
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22.2%
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Alternation of power after elections
The results of the elections caused a change in the government. "Not applicable" to countries using the presidential system when parliamentary and presidential elections are held separately, to countries in political transition or where there is no party system.
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Yes
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Number of parties in government
The government may be formed by one or more political parties
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10
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Names of parties in government
The government may be formed by one or more political parties
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Brazilian Democratic Movement (MDB), Podemos (PODE), Brazilian Social Democratic Party (PSDB), Democrats (DEM), Progressive Party (PP), Social Liberal Party (PSL), Social Christian Party (PSC), Social Democratic Party (PSD), Liberal Party (PL, formerly Party of the Republic, PR) and Republicans (REP, formerly Brazilian Republican Party, PRB)
Parties or coalitions winning seats
| Political group | Total | 2018 |
|---|---|---|
| Brazilian Democratic Movement (MDB) | 12 | 7 |
| Brazilian Social Democratic Party (PSDB) | 8 | 4 |
| Social Democratic Party (PSD) | 7 | 4 |
| Democrats (DEM) | 6 | 4 |
| Workers' Party (PT) | 6 | 4 |
| Progressive Party (PP) | 6 | 5 |
| Podemos (PODE) | 5 | 1 |
| Sustainability Network (REDE) | 5 | 5 |
| Democratic Labour Party (PDT) | 4 | 2 |
| Social Liberal Party (PSL) | 4 | 4 |
| Brazilian Labour Party (PTB) | 3 | 2 |
| Humanist Party of Solidarity (PHS) | 2 | 2 |
| Popular Socialist Party (PPS) | 2 | 2 |
| Party of the Republic (PR) | 2 | 1 |
| Brazilian Socialist Party (PSB) | 2 | 2 |
| Brazilian Republican Party (PRB) | 1 | 1 |
| Republican Party of the Social Order (PROS) | 1 | 1 |
| Progressive Republican Party (PRP) | 1 | 1 |
| Social Christian Party (PSC) | 1 | 1 |
| Christian Labour Party (PTC) | 1 | 0 |
| Solidality (SD) | 1 | 1 |
| Independent | 1 | 0 |
Members elected, by sex
- Number of men elected
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47
- Number of women elected
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7
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Percentage of women elected
The percentage is calculated by dividing the number of women elected by the number of seats filled.
View field in the data dictionary -
13.0%
- Women Directly Elected
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7
- Sources
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IPU Group (24.10.2018, 27.11.2018, 02.07.2019)
Tribunal Superior Eleitoral (19.11.2018, 21.11.2018)
http://www.tse.jus.br/eleicoes/estatisticas/estatisticas-eleitorais
BBC
BBC Monitoring
New legislature
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Total number of men after the election
The total number of male parliamentarians in this parliament/chamber following the election or renewal, regardless of their modes of designation.
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69
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Total number of women after the election
The total number of female parliamentarians in this parliament/chamber following the election or renewal, regardless of their modes of designation.
View field in the data dictionary -
12
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Percentage of women after the election
The percentage is calculated by dividing the total number of women in this parliament/chamber by the current number of members.
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14.8%
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First-term parliamentarians
The number of members who are assuming their parliamentary mandate for the first time following the election or renewal, regardless of their mode of designation.
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No information available
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Percentage of first-term parliamentarians
The percentage is calculated by dividing the number of first-term parliamentarians by the number of seats at stake in the election.
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No information available
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Date of the first session
The date when the newly elected parliament/chamber was convened for the first time. It may be different from the date when members were sworn in.
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01 Feb 2019
First Speaker of the new legislature
- Personal details for the first Speaker of the new legislature
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Davi Alcolumbre (Male)
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Political party
The political party to which the Speaker belonged to at the moment of the election. In some parliaments, the Speaker suspends or relinquishes their party membership during their term in office and is considered as an independent member.
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Democrats (DEM)
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Date of election
The date of the election of the Speaker may be different from the date of the first session of the new legislature.
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02 Feb 2019