Brazil
Federal Senate
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Political system
Political systems: Presidential, Parliamentary, Presidential-Parliamentary, Monarchy, Communist, Transitional.
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Presidential system
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Structure of parliament
Structure of parliament: Unicameral, bicameral
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Bicameral
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IPU membership
Current membership status
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Yes
Parliamentary mandate
Start and end of mandate
- Start of the parliamentary mandate for newly elected members
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At a fixed date
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Date of start of mandate for newly elected members
In some countries the parliamentary mandate always begins on a fixed date.
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No information available
- Start of the parliamentary mandate for appointed members
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Not applicable
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Date of start of mandate for appointed members
In some countries the parliamentary mandate always begins on a fixed date.
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No information available
- End of the parliamentary mandate
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At a fixed date
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Date of end of mandate
In some countries the parliamentary mandate always ends on a fixed date.
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No information available
Speaker
- Mode of designation of the Speaker
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The Speaker is elected from among the members of parliament/chamber
- Authority that designates the Speaker when the Speaker is designated from outside parliament.
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Rank of the Speaker in the hierarchy of the State
The Speaker often has a very high rank in the protocollary hierarchy of the State.
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Fourth
Notes: In the event of an impediment of the President and of the Vice-President, or of vacancy of the respective offices, the President of the Chamber of Deputies, the President of the Senate and the Chief Justice of the Supreme Federal Court shall be called successively to exercise the Presidency
Sources: Constitution, art. 80
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Speaker becomes interim Head of State in the event of the latter’s death or incapacity
In some countries, the Speaker acts as interim Head of State when required by the circumstances, such as death or incapacity.
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No
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Speaker's mandate continues between legislatures
The mandate of the Speaker may continue until their successor is elected, even after the dissolution of parliament/chamber.
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No
Speaker terms
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The term of the Speaker is different from the term of the house
The term of the Speaker may be different from the term of the House (legislature).
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No
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Speaker's term
The term may be shorter than one year.
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2 Years
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Fixed election date for the Speaker, if any
Speakers in several parliaments are elected on a fixed date in accordance with the Constitution.
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1 February (every two years)
Immunity and code of conduct
- Parliament’s authorization is required for the detention or prosecution of members
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Yes, except for flagrant delicto
Notes: From the date of issuance of the certificate of election victory, the members of the National Congress may not be arrested, except in flagrante delicto of a non-bailable offense. In such case, the case records shall be sent within twenty-four hours to the respective House, which, by the vote of the majority of its members, shall decide on the arrest.
Sources: Constitution, art. 53(2)
- There is a Code of conduct for members
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Yes
Salaries and allowances
- Members are paid salaries by parliament
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Yes(2020)
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Basic salary, per year
The figures are the gross amount before tax in national currency.
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438,919 BRL(2022)
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Basic salary, per year in PPP
The figures are provided by parliaments in national currency and converted to PPP dollars using World Bank conversion tables.
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170,124(2022)
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Basic allowances
“Basic allowances” are allowances that are automatically paid to all parliamentarians. They are received in advance as a lump sum at a flat rate. They are not intended to be reimbursement for any expenses. Basic allowances are sometimes called “representation allowance”, “supplemental allowance”, “end-of-year allowance”, etc.
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No information available
- Names of the basic allowances
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No information available
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Members pay income tax on salaries
Salaries and/or allowances may be subject to income tax or equivalent.
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Yes
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Members pay income tax on allowances
Salaries and/or allowances may be subject to income tax or equivalent.
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No information available
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Members can have remunerated employment outside parliament
Certain parliaments allow MPs to exercise other remunerated employment outside parliament.
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Yes
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Members are required to declare income from other employment to parliament
In certain countries, MPs exercising other employment may be required to declare their income.
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Yes
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Additional salaries and allowances provided for leadership positions
The amount of salaries and allowances is generally higher for the Speaker/President. Some parliaments also provide for additional allowances to Chairs of Committees.
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No
Facilities, services and allowances for constituency work
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Personal staff to work directly for the parliamentarian
The personal staff to work directly for the parliamentarian is different from parliamentary staff work for the secretariat of Parliament.
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Yes
- Office at parliament
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Yes
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Constituency office
Certain countries provide for an office at constituency if it’s different from a seat of parliament, which is often in the capital. The office at constituency is applicable mainly to the countries using the Plurality/Majority system of elections.
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Yes
- Housing
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Yes
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Other cash or in-kind allowances for constituency work
The common in-kind allowances for constituency work include those for travel, overnight stay, etc.
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Yes
Notes: Airline tickets; phone calls; postal services; subscription of publications; parliamentarian meals; lodging; other travel expenses (rental or chartering of aircraft, motor vehicles and vessels, taxi, toll and parking services, and land, sea, or river crossings); fuels and lubricants; security services; consultancies and technical works; parliamentary activity communication; Members´ registration fee in courses, lectures, seminars, symposia, congresses or similar events.
Additional salaries and allowances for leadership positions
| Salary | Allowances | |
|---|---|---|
| Speaker | ||
| Committee Chair |
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Salary of the Speaker
Some parliaments pay for additional salaries to the Speaker/President. Other parliaments have a separate amount of salaries for this post. The total amount of the salaries of the Speaker/President is indicated for both cases.
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No information available
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Parliament determines the amount of salaries
Some parliaments determine the amount of salaries of MPs. The amount may be set by other institution than parliament.
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Yes
- Name of the body (or bodies) in parliament which determines the amount
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The National Congress through a legislative decree.
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Parliament determines the amount of allowances
Some parliaments determine the amount of allowances of MPs. The amount may be set by other institution than parliament.
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Yes
- Name of the body (or bodies) in parliament which determines the amount
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Most are determined by Resolutions voted in the Senate Plenary or by Acts of Senate authorities. Per diem is determined by Legislative Decree, approved by the Senate Plenary.
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Name of the institution outside parliament which determines the amount
This question is only relevant if the amount is set by other institution than parliament.
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No information available
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The parliamentary salary is determined in reference to another salary scale
In some countries, the amount of parliamentary salary is determined in reference to another salary scale, such as civil service salary scale, ministerial salary or the minimum wage of the country.
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Yes
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Reference scale used for parliamentary salaries
Reference scale used for parliamentary salaries: Civil service salary scale; Ministerial salary; Minimum wage; Other (please specify)
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Other
Notes: Member salaries cannot exceed the constitutional salary ceiling (the salary paid to the Justices of the Federal Supreme Court).
- Information on salaries and allowances on the parliamentary website
- Links to information on salaries and allowances
- Year data was last reported
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2020
Participation in the government
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Members of the government must also be members of parliament
Members of the government must also be members of parliament: Must be a member of parliament; Cannot be a member of parliament; Can be a member of parliament; Other
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Can be a member of parliament
Notes: A Deputy or Senator shall not lose his office if vested with the office of Minister of State.
Sources: Constitution, art. 56
- Number of members of the parliament/chamber who are also members of the government
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Click for historical data
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Members for whom data is available
Number of members, at the start of the legislature, for whom age data is available
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81(2023)
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Percentage of members of parliament/chamber who are also members of the government
The percentage is calculated by dividing the number of members of the parliament/chamber who are also members of the government by the statutory number of members of parliament/chamber.
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Click for historical data