Canada

House of Commons Senate

House of Commons

Political system
Parliamentary system
Structure of parliament
Bicameral
IPU membership
Yes
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Parliamentary mandate

Start and end of mandate

Start of the parliamentary mandate for newly elected members
When the member is sworn in
Start of the parliamentary mandate for appointed members
Not applicable
End of the parliamentary mandate
On the last day of the chamber’s term (including in the case of early dissolution)

Sources:

Constitution, art. 50
Parliament of Canada Act, art. 69
Administrative Rules and Regulations of the Board of Internal Economy

Speaker

Mode of designation of the Speaker
The Speaker is elected from among the members of parliament/chamber
Authority that designates the Speaker when the Speaker is designated from outside parliament.
Not applicable
Rank of the Speaker in the hierarchy of the State
Fifth
Speaker becomes interim Head of State in the event of the latter’s death or incapacity
No
Speaker's mandate continues between legislatures
No

Speaker terms

The term of the Speaker is different from the term of the house
Yes
Speaker's term
4 Years
Fixed election date for the Speaker, if any
No information available

Notes: A Speaker is elected as the first item of business at the start of each Parliament, and presides over the House for the life of the Parliament. When Parliament is dissolved, the Speaker is deemed to remain in office for administrative purposes until a new election takes place.

Immunity and code of conduct

Parliament’s authorization is required for the detention or prosecution of members
No
There is a Code of conduct for members
Yes
Links to codes of conduct

Salaries and allowances

Members are paid salaries by parliament
Click for historical data
Basic salary, per year
194,600 CAD
(2023)
Basic salary, per year in PPP
158,211
(2023)
Basic allowances
Click for historical data
Basic allowance in PPP
324,838
Names of the basic allowances

Member’s Office Budget (MBO) provides members with funds to pay employee salaries, service contracts, wireless devices, some operating and travel costs and other expenses. Allowances vary across members, thus figures represent an average.

Parliamentary office

Constituency office

Travel allocations budget

An amount of $120 is deducted from the salary for each day, beyond 21 days in a session, that a Member does not attend a sitting of the House for reasons other than illness, public/official business, service in the Canadian Armed Forces, pregnancy, care of a newborn or newly adopted child.

See: https://www.ourcommons.ca/Content/MAS/mas-e.pdf

https://lop.parl.ca/sites/ParlInfo/default/en_CA/People/Salaries

Members pay income tax on salaries
Yes
Members pay income tax on allowances
Yes
Members can have remunerated employment outside parliament
Yes
Members are required to declare income from other employment to parliament
Yes
Salary of the Speaker
269,800 CAD
Salary of the Speaker in PPP
219,350
The parliamentary salary is determined in reference to another salary scale
No
Reference scale used for parliamentary salaries
Click for historical data
Information on salaries and allowances on the parliamentary website
No information available
Year data was last reported

April 1, 2020 to March 31, 2021

Facilities, services and allowances for constituency work
Personal staff to work directly for the parliamentarian
Yes
Office at parliament
Yes
Constituency office
Yes
Housing
Yes
Other cash or in-kind allowances for constituency work
Yes

Notes:

Travel between constituency and Ottawa; official travel and accommodations around the constituency.

The Member's Budget Office (MBO) provides an Elector Supplement and/or a Geographic Supplement to. members who represent densely populated or geographically large constituencies (>500 sq km), or constituencies where transportation and communication facilities are limited

Additional salaries and allowances for leadership positions
Additional salaries and allowances provided for leadership positions
Yes

Notes:

Basic salary per annum:

Prime Minister: $365,200

Speaker: $269,800

Leader Official Opposition: $269,800

Cabinet Ministers: $269,800

Leader Other Opposition Party: $244,400

Deputy Speaker: $227,700

Committee Chairs: $195,200

Sources: Additional allowances for parliamentarians with special roles (Speaker, minister, chairs of committees, etc.) are set out in the Parliament of Canada Act, the Salaries Act, the Ministries and Ministers of State Act and the National Security and Intelligence Committee of Parliamentarians Act.

List of salaries and allowances for leadership positions
Salary Allowances
Speaker Yes
Yes
Committee Chair Yes
Yes

Participation in the government

Members of the government must also be members of parliament
Can be a member of parliament
Number of members of the parliament/chamber who are also members of the government
39
(2024)
Percentage of members of parliament/chamber who are also members of the government
Click for historical data

Historical data for IPU membership

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Historical data for IPU membership
Year IPU membership
2020-09
List of values for 2020-09
No
2019-04
List of values for 2019-04
No
2018-06
List of values for 2018-06
No