China
National People's Congress
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Political system
Political systems: Presidential, Parliamentary, Presidential-Parliamentary, Monarchy, Communist, Transitional.
View field in the data dictionary -
Communist system
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Structure of parliament
Structure of parliament: Unicameral, bicameral
View field in the data dictionary -
Unicameral
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IPU membership
Current membership status
View field in the data dictionary -
Yes
About parliament
Basic information such as the official name of parliament and details of its structure and leadership. Also includes the current breakdown of MPs by sex and age, and provisions for quotas and reserved seats.
- Parliament name
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Quanguo Renmin Daibiao Dahui (National People's Congress)
- Chamber name
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Quanguo Renmin Daibiao Dahui (National People's Congress)
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Structure & status of parliament
This field is to indicate lower/upper in the back end.
View field in the data dictionary -
Lower chamber
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Parliamentary term (years)
Length of the parliamentary term in years
View field in the data dictionary -
5
IPU membership
- Affiliation periods
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from 1984
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IPU Geopolitical Group/s
IPU Geopolitical Groups: African Group, Arab Group, Asia-Pacific Group, Eurasia Group, Group of Latin America and the Caribbean (GRULAC), Twelve Plus Group.
View field in the data dictionary -
Asia-Pacific Group
Speaker
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Official title
The Speaker may for example be known as the Presiding Officer, President, Chairman/Chairperson, etc.
View field in the data dictionary -
Chairman of the Standing Committee of the NPC
- Speaker
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Leji Zhao (Male)
Date of birth: 1957 -
Term
Start (and end) of the term of the Speaker
View field in the data dictionary -
10 Mar 2023
- Additional information
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Elected on 10 March 2023.
Speaker terms
No information available
Secretary general
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Official title
This post is most commonly called Secretary General or Clerk. It may also be called Secretary, Head/Chief of the Secretariat, Director General, etc.
View field in the data dictionary -
Secretary General of the Standing Committee
- Secretary General
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Qi Liu (Male)
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Term
Start (and end) of the term of the Secretary general
View field in the data dictionary -
10 Mar 2023
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Notes
Additional information about the Secretary General, in particular regarding their term.
View field in the data dictionary -
Elected on 10 March 2023.
Members
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Statutory number of members
Statutory number of members, as defined in the constitution or other fundamental law.
View field in the data dictionary -
3,000
Notes: Indirectly elected by the provincial people's congresses.
- Principal mode of designation of members
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Indirectly elected
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Indirectly elected members
Indirectly elected, for example by regional parliaments or an electoral college.
View field in the data dictionary -
3,000
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Current number of members
Number of members who currently hold seats in parliament. May be lower or higher than the statutory number of members.
View field in the data dictionary -
2,977
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Men
The number of male parliamentarians who currently hold seats in parliament.
View field in the data dictionary -
2,187
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Women
The number of female parliamentarians who currently hold seats in parliament.
View field in the data dictionary -
790
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Percentage of women
Calculated by dividing the current number of women by the current number of members.
View field in the data dictionary -
26.5%
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Population (in thousands)
Source: United Nations, World Population Prospects.
View field in the data dictionary -
1,422,585
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Inhabitants per parliamentarian
Calculated by dividing the population by the statutory number of parliamentarians.
View field in the data dictionary -
474,195
Age
Data on the age of parliamentarians is collected at the start of the legislature, following the most recent elections. This data is not updated during the legislature, except when parliament notifies the IPU of a change in the youngest or oldest member.
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Average age of all members
Average age of members, for which data is available, at the time of the last election or renewal.
View field in the data dictionary -
Click for historical data
- Youngest member
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Fengcan Xu (Female)
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Youngest member (years)
Age is calculated at the time the member was elected/appointed to a new legislature. Data is not updated during the legislature unless the member is no longer a member.
View field in the data dictionary -
23
Number of members, by age
| 18 - 20 | 21 - 30 | 31 - 40 | 41 - 45 | 46 - 50 | 51 - 60 | 61 - 70 | 71 - 80 | 81 - 90 | 91 and over | Totals per gender | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male | No information available | ||||||||||
| Female | |||||||||||
| Total <= 45: - | Total >= 46: - | ||||||||||
| Age at the last election or renewal | Overall | Male | Female |
|---|---|---|---|
| - | - | - | |
| - | - | - | |
| - | - | - |
Reserved seats and quotas
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There are reserved seats in parliament for certain groups
Reserved seats are a means to ensure the parliamentary representation of certain groups in society.
View field in the data dictionary -
Yes
Notes:
Among the deputies to the 14th National People’s Congress, the number of ethnic minority deputies should account for about 12% of the total number of deputies. A minority with a very small population should have at least one representative.
Source: Decision on the number of deputies and the election of the 14th National People’s Congress, March 2022
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Electoral quota for women
Quotas to promote gender-balanced representation in parliament
View field in the data dictionary -
Yes
Notes: In principle, the proportion of women deputies to the 14th National People's Congress should be higher than that of the previous session.
Sources:
https://www.idea.int/data-tools/data/gender-quotas-database/country?country=46
Decision on the number of deputies and the election of the 14th National People’s Congress, March 2022
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Youth quota
Quotas to promote the representation of youth in parliament.
View field in the data dictionary -
No
Links to additional information
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Parliamentary website
Link(s) to parliamentary web site in English, French and/or local languages.
View field in the data dictionary -
List of members
Link(s) to list of members on the parliamentary web site.
View field in the data dictionary -
Rules of procedure/Standing Orders
Link(s) to Rules of procedure on the parliamentary web site in English, French and/or local language.
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Constitution
Official links to the Constitution in English, French and/or original language is provided. Links to unofficial translations where no other source is available.
View field in the data dictionary