United Kingdom
House of Commons
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Political system
Political systems: Presidential, Parliamentary, Presidential-Parliamentary, Monarchy, Communist, Transitional.
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Parliamentary system
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Structure of parliament
Structure of parliament: Unicameral, bicameral
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Bicameral
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IPU membership
Current membership status
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Yes
Parliamentary mandate
Start and end of mandate
- Start of the parliamentary mandate for newly elected members
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When the election results are declared
- Start of the parliamentary mandate for appointed members
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Not applicable
- End of the parliamentary mandate
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On the last day of the chamber’s term (including in the case of early dissolution)
Speaker
- Mode of designation of the Speaker
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The Speaker is elected from among the members of parliament/chamber
- Authority that designates the Speaker when the Speaker is designated from outside parliament.
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Rank of the Speaker in the hierarchy of the State
The Speaker often has a very high rank in the protocollary hierarchy of the State.
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Seventh
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Speaker becomes interim Head of State in the event of the latter’s death or incapacity
In some countries, the Speaker acts as interim Head of State when required by the circumstances, such as death or incapacity.
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No
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Speaker's mandate continues between legislatures
The mandate of the Speaker may continue until their successor is elected, even after the dissolution of parliament/chamber.
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Yes
Speaker terms
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The term of the Speaker is different from the term of the house
The term of the Speaker may be different from the term of the House (legislature).
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No
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Speaker's term
The term may be shorter than one year.
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5 Years
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Fixed election date for the Speaker, if any
Speakers in several parliaments are elected on a fixed date in accordance with the Constitution.
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No information available
Immunity and code of conduct
- Parliament’s authorization is required for the detention or prosecution of members
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No
- There is a Code of conduct for members
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Yes
Salaries and allowances
- Members are paid salaries by parliament
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Yes(2020)
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Basic salary, per year
The figures are the gross amount before tax in national currency.
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86,584 GBP(2023)
Notes: Salary at 1 April each year, except 2015, when the new rate was implemented on 8 May 2015.
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Basic salary, per year in PPP
The figures are provided by parliaments in national currency and converted to PPP dollars using World Bank conversion tables.
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127,329(2023)
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Basic allowances
“Basic allowances” are allowances that are automatically paid to all parliamentarians. They are received in advance as a lump sum at a flat rate. They are not intended to be reimbursement for any expenses. Basic allowances are sometimes called “representation allowance”, “supplemental allowance”, “end-of-year allowance”, etc.
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No information available
- Names of the basic allowances
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No information available
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Members pay income tax on salaries
Salaries and/or allowances may be subject to income tax or equivalent.
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Yes
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Members pay income tax on allowances
Salaries and/or allowances may be subject to income tax or equivalent.
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No
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Members can have remunerated employment outside parliament
Certain parliaments allow MPs to exercise other remunerated employment outside parliament.
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Yes
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Members are required to declare income from other employment to parliament
In certain countries, MPs exercising other employment may be required to declare their income.
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Yes
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Additional salaries and allowances provided for leadership positions
The amount of salaries and allowances is generally higher for the Speaker/President. Some parliaments also provide for additional allowances to Chairs of Committees.
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Yes
Facilities, services and allowances for constituency work
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Personal staff to work directly for the parliamentarian
The personal staff to work directly for the parliamentarian is different from parliamentary staff work for the secretariat of Parliament.
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Yes
- Office at parliament
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Yes
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Constituency office
Certain countries provide for an office at constituency if it’s different from a seat of parliament, which is often in the capital. The office at constituency is applicable mainly to the countries using the Plurality/Majority system of elections.
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Yes
- Housing
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No
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Other cash or in-kind allowances for constituency work
The common in-kind allowances for constituency work include those for travel, overnight stay, etc.
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Yes
Notes:
Staffing and business costs.
MPs’ scheme of allowances outlined here: https://www.theipsa.org.uk/publications/the-scheme
Additional salaries and allowances for leadership positions
| Salary | Allowances | |
|---|---|---|
| Speaker | Yes | |
| Committee Chair | Yes |
Notes:
Speaker: GBP 160,832
First Depurty Speaker - GBP 123,913
Second Deputy Speaker: GBP 119,330
Committee Chairs: GBP 98,354
The following leadership positions also receive additional salaries / allowances:
Government Chief Whip, Government Deputy Chief Whip, Government Whip, Assistant Government Whip, Leader of the Opposition, Opposition Chief Whip, Deputy Chief Opposition Whip, Assistant Opposition Whip, Chairman of Ways and Means
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Salary of the Speaker
Some parliaments pay for additional salaries to the Speaker/President. Other parliaments have a separate amount of salaries for this post. The total amount of the salaries of the Speaker/President is indicated for both cases.
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No information available
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Parliament determines the amount of salaries
Some parliaments determine the amount of salaries of MPs. The amount may be set by other institution than parliament.
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No
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Name of the institution outside parliament which determines the amount
This question is only relevant if the amount is set by other institution than parliament.
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Independent Parliamentary Standards Authority (IPSA).
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Parliament determines the amount of allowances
Some parliaments determine the amount of allowances of MPs. The amount may be set by other institution than parliament.
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No
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The parliamentary salary is determined in reference to another salary scale
In some countries, the amount of parliamentary salary is determined in reference to another salary scale, such as civil service salary scale, ministerial salary or the minimum wage of the country.
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Yes
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Reference scale used for parliamentary salaries
Reference scale used for parliamentary salaries: Civil service salary scale; Ministerial salary; Minimum wage; Other (please specify)
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Other
Notes: While the level of MPs’ pay is not determined by reference to another salary scale, annual increases in MPs’ pay are set by IPSA which has stated that it will usually link these to an official statistic on changes to public sector pay from the UK Office for National Statistics.
- Information on salaries and allowances on the parliamentary website
- Links to information on salaries and allowances
- Year data was last reported
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2020
Participation in the government
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Members of the government must also be members of parliament
Members of the government must also be members of parliament: Must be a member of parliament; Cannot be a member of parliament; Can be a member of parliament; Other
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Must be a member of parliament
- Number of members of the parliament/chamber who are also members of the government
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Click for historical data
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Members for whom data is available
Number of members, at the start of the legislature, for whom age data is available
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Click for historical data
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Percentage of members of parliament/chamber who are also members of the government
The percentage is calculated by dividing the number of members of the parliament/chamber who are also members of the government by the statutory number of members of parliament/chamber.
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Click for historical data