India

Council of States

Political system
Parliamentary system
Structure of parliament
Bicameral
IPU membership
Yes

Oversight

Oversight tools

Parliament/Chamber has the power to summon members of the government
Yes

Sources: The Rules of Procedure and Conduct of Business in the Council of States

Parliament/chamber has the power to summon senior government officials
Yes

Sources: The Rules of Procedure and Conduct of Business in the Council of States

Parliament has the power to approve key government appointments
No
Parliament/chamber has the power to approve key government appointments
Yes
Number of written questions asked, per year
9,553
(2022)
Number of written questions answered by the government, per year
9,553
(2022)

Notes: Figures refer to the number of "Notices of Questions" received for written answers.

Percentage of written questions answered by the government, per year
100.0%
(2022)
Parliament/chamber has power to carry out inquiries
Yes

Sources: As per practice, Committees for inquiry may be constituted either by the House on a motion moved and adopted, or by the Chairman/ Speaker on the basis of the consensus in the House, or jointly by both the Houses on the motion adopted by one House and concurred in by the other House or by the Presiding Officers of both the Houses in consultation with each other. Such Committees are ad-hoc Committees because they become functus officio after presentation of the report.

Number of parliamentary inquiries, per year
0
(2022)

Notes: No ad-hoc committee for inquiry was constituted between 2013-2017. However, the Standing Committee on Ethics submitted an Inquiry Report in 2016 on the non-disclosure of liabilities.

Head of State and/or Government

Parliament’s role in the designation of the Head of Government
Other

Notes: After declaration of the results of General Elections, the President of India calls upon the leader of the party/ coalition that has secured the majority of seats in the House of the People (Lok Sabha) to form the Government. The leader of the party/coalition is appointed by the President as the Prime Minister (Head of the Government). The other Ministers of the Government are appointed by the President on the advice of the Prime Minister.

Sources: Constitution, Article 75(1)

The Head of Government is also the Head of State
No
Parliament’s role in the designation of the Head of State
Parliament elects the Head of State

Notes: The executive powers of the Union is vested in the President (Head of the State).

Sources: Constitution, art. 53

Impeachment and confidence motions

Parliament is automatically dissolved when a motion of no confidence is adopted
No
Chambers that can be dissolved when a motion of no confidence is adopted
No information available

Impeachment procedure

There is a procedure for parliament to dismiss or impeach the following persons/institution
The whole Government
Individual members of the Executive
Other
Chambers that play a role in the dismissal or impeachment
Lower chamber

Notes: The Vice-President of India (there is also a procedure for Parliament to dismiss certain senior officials, including the President and Vice-President of Lok Sabha, Supreme Court judges, Comptroller and Auditor General, The judges of the High Courts of States, Chief Electoral Commissioner).

Sources: Constitution, Article 75 (3), 67(b), 90(c), 124(4), 148(1), 179(c), 183(c), 217(b), 243K(2)

No confidence processes

There is a procedure for parliament to express no confidence in the following persons/institution
The whole Government
Chambers that play a role in motions of no confidence
Lower chamber

Sources: Constitution, Article 75 (3)

Historical data for IPU membership

Historical data for IPU membership
Year IPU membership
2020-09
List of values for 2020-09
No
2019-04
List of values for 2019-04
No
2018-06
List of values for 2018-06
No