Kazakhstan
House of Representatives
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Political system
Political systems: Presidential, Parliamentary, Presidential-Parliamentary, Monarchy, Communist, Transitional.
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Presidential-Parliamentary
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Structure of parliament
Structure of parliament: Unicameral, bicameral
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Bicameral
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IPU membership
Current membership status
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Yes
Election results
Data on parliamentary elections, including the background, candidates, voter turnout, results and the formation of the new legislature. By default the latest election results are displayed. Select a date to view results from previous elections.
Background
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Election date(s)
The date when elections started and ended for directly or indirectly elected parliaments/chambers. The date of appointments for appointed parliaments/chambers.
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19 Mar 2023
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Date of dissolution of the outgoing legislature
Date at which the previous legislature (elected at the previous elections) was dissolved.
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19 Jan 2023
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Timing of election
Timing of election: Upon normal expiry; Early elections; Delayed elections
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Early elections
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Expected date of next elections
The expected date at which the next elections should take place, based on law or practice.
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31 Mar 2028
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Number of seats at stake
Number of seats contested at the elections. Where the parliament/chamber is fully renewed, this number is usually identical to the statutory number of members. Where the parliament/chamber is partially renewed or appointed, the number of seats at stake is usually less than the total number of members.
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98
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Scope of elections
Scope of elections: Full renewal; Partial renewal.
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Full renewal
Candidates
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Number of parties contesting the election
This field may include either the number of parties contesting the election, or the number of coalitions/electoral alliance.
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7
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Total number of candidates
Total number of people who registered as candidates for election. Does not include people who stood as candidates to become "substitute members".
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716
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Number of male candidates
Number of male candidates
View field in the data dictionary -
551
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Number of female candidates
Number of female candidates
View field in the data dictionary -
165
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Percentage of women candidates
The percentage is calculated by dividing the number of women candidates by the total number of candidates.
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23.0%
Voter turnout
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Registered voters
Number of people registered to vote
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12,035,578
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Voters
Number of people who actually voted
View field in the data dictionary -
6,366,441
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Voter turnout
The percentage is calculated by dividing the number of people who actually voted by the number of people registered to vote
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52.9%
Results
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About the election
Short description of the context and results of the election.
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The Amanat party (formerly the Nur Otan party), which supports President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev, retained a majority in the 98-member House of Representatives (see note 1), wining 62 seats. Five other pro-presidential parties took a total of 29 seats. For the first time since 2004, independent candidates were allowed to participate in the parliamentary elections and seven were elected. On 29 March, the newly elected House of Representatives held its first session and re-elected Mr. Yerlan Koshanov (Amanat party) as the Speaker, a post he had held since February 2022. The following day, it re-elected Mr. Alikhan Smailov (in office since January 2022) as the Prime Minister.
Early elections in 2023 followed the 2022 constitutional amendments (see note 2). The polls were held under the electoral law revised in 2022, which stipulates a combined 30% quota for women, youth and people with disabilities (see note 3). The threshold to win at least one of the 69 seats filled under the proportional representation system was lowered from 7% to 5%. The 2023 elections were held against the backdrop of the war in Ukraine that started in February 2022. The war has affected trade, investment and supply chains throughout the country. The former member of the Soviet Union has maintained good relationships with both Russia and the West. On 19 January 2023, President Tokayev dissolved the House of Representatives and called snap elections for 19 March, stating that they would “give new impetus to the modernization”.
Note 1:
The statutory number of members decreased from 107 to 98 following constitutional amendments in 2022 that abolished nine seats elected with the consent of the Assembly of People of Kazakhstan.
Note 2:
The 2022 constitutional amendments increased the statutory number of senators from 49 to 50. The chamber now comprises 40 indirectly elected senators (up from 34), and 10 members appointed by the President (down from 15). Five of the appointed members are proposed by the Assembly of People of Kazakhstan, an advisory body chaired by the President. The Assembly aims to represent the various ethnic groups that make up Kazakhstan. Early indirect elections to the Senate were held on 14 January 2023.
Note 3:
At least 30% of the total number of candidates on a party list must belong to three categories: women, youth (under 35 years of age), and people with disabilities. During the distribution of seats, at least 30% of deputies must be representatives of these three categories. All parties complied with the quota in 2023. In all, 18 women (including young people and those with disabilities), 12 youth and five people with disabilities were elected in 2023.
Source: Articles 89.4 and 97-1.5 of the 1995 Constitutional Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan, amended by No. 156-VII, dated 5 November 2022, which came into effect on 1 January 2023: https://adilet.zan.kz/eng/docs/Z950002464_
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Number of parties winning seats
The number of parties which won parliamentary representation in the given election.
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6
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Percentage of parties winning seats
The percentage is calculated by dividing the number of parties which won parliamentary representation by the number of parties contesting the election.
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85.7%
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Percentage of seats won by largest party or coalition
The percentage is calculated by dividing the number of seats won by the largest party by the number of seats at stake in the election.
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63.3%
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Alternation of power after elections
The results of the elections caused a change in the government. "Not applicable" to countries using the presidential system when parliamentary and presidential elections are held separately, to countries in political transition or where there is no party system.
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No
Parties or coalitions winning seats
Political group | Total |
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Amanat party | 62 |
Auyl party | 8 |
Ak Zhol Democratic Party of Kazakhstan | 6 |
Respublica | 6 |
People's Party of Kazakhstan | 5 |
National Social Democratic Party | 4 |
Independents | 7 |
Members elected, by sex
- Number of men elected
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80
- Number of women elected
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18
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Percentage of women elected
The percentage is calculated by dividing the number of women elected by the number of seats filled.
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18.4%
- Women Directly Elected
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18
- Sources
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House of Representatives (31.03.2023)
https://www.election.gov.kz/eng/news/releases/index.php?ID=8912
https://www.osce.org/odihr/elections/kazakhstan/539273
https://adilet.zan.kz/eng/docs/Z950002464_
https://www.osce.org/odihr/elections/kazakhstan/539261
https://www.osce.org/files/f/documents/e/2/539273.pdf
BBC Monitoring
New legislature
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Total number of men after the election
The total number of male parliamentarians in this parliament/chamber following the election or renewal, regardless of their modes of designation.
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80
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Total number of women after the election
The total number of female parliamentarians in this parliament/chamber following the election or renewal, regardless of their modes of designation.
View field in the data dictionary -
18
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Percentage of women after the election
The percentage is calculated by dividing the total number of women in this parliament/chamber by the current number of members.
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18.4%
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First-term parliamentarians
The number of members who are assuming their parliamentary mandate for the first time following the election or renewal, regardless of their mode of designation.
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No information available
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Percentage of first-term parliamentarians
The percentage is calculated by dividing the number of first-term parliamentarians by the number of seats at stake in the election.
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No information available
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Date of the first session
The date when the newly elected parliament/chamber was convened for the first time. It may be different from the date when members were sworn in.
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29 Mar 2023
First Speaker of the new legislature
- Personal details for the first Speaker of the new legislature
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Yerlan Koshanov (Male)
Date of birth: 14 Aug 1962 -
Political party
The political party to which the Speaker belonged to at the moment of the election. In some parliaments, the Speaker suspends or relinquishes their party membership during their term in office and is considered as an independent member.
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Amanat party
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Date of election
The date of the election of the Speaker may be different from the date of the first session of the new legislature.
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29 Mar 2023