Mexico
Senate
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Political system
Political systems: Presidential, Parliamentary, Presidential-Parliamentary, Monarchy, Communist, Transitional.
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Presidential system
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Structure of parliament
Structure of parliament: Unicameral, bicameral
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Bicameral
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IPU membership
Current membership status
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Yes
Data on women
Information on the current and historical representation of women in the parliament. Consult the 'Elections' tab to see how women have fared in elections or renewals.
Current representation
Women's representation in the current parliament or chamber
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Current number of members
Number of members who currently hold seats in parliament. May be lower or higher than the statutory number of members.
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128
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Women
The number of female parliamentarians who currently hold seats in parliament.
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64
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Percentage of women
Calculated by dividing the current number of women by the current number of members.
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50.0%
Speaker
Click for historical data
Secretary general
No information available
Chairs of specialized bodies
| Specialized body | Theme | Name | Sex | Age |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Committee for Human Rights | Human rights | Reyna Celeste Ascencio Ortega | Female | 31 |
| Defence Committee | Defence | Ana Lilia Rivera Rivera | Female | 51 |
| Commission on Gender equality | Gender equality | Martha Lucia Micher Camarena | Female | 70 |
| Special Commission in charge of monitoring cases of feminicides of girls and adolescents | Gender equality | Martha Guerrero Sánchez | Female | - |
Data on age at the start of the legislature
Number of members, by age (2024-09)
| 18 - 20 | 21 - 30 | 31 - 40 | 41 - 45 | 46 - 50 | 51 - 60 | 61 - 70 | 71 - 80 | 81 - 90 | 91 and over | Totals per gender | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male | 0 | 1 | 5 | 7 | 12 | 17 | 17 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 64 |
| Female | 0 | 4 | 15 | 10 | 6 | 18 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 63 |
| Totals per age interval | 0 | 5 | 20 | 17 | 18 | 35 | 25 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 127 |
| Total <= 45: 42 | Total >= 46: 85 | ||||||||||
| Age at the last election or renewal | Overall | Male | Female |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3.9% | 0.8% | 3.1% | |
| 19.7% | 5% | 15.0% | |
| 33.1% | 10% | 22.8% |
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1(2024-09)
Reserved seats and quotas
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There are reserved seats in parliament for certain groups
Reserved seats are a means to ensure the parliamentary representation of certain groups in society.
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No
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Electoral quota for women
Quotas to promote gender-balanced representation in parliament
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Yes
Notes:
Article 3.1. d bis) of the April 2020 Decree (DOF: 13/04/2020)* stipulates gender parity requirements, which require 50% of candidates to be women and 50% to be men for positions filled through popular election and the same percentages for those appointed to their positions.
*DECREE reforming and supplementing various provisions of the General Law on Women's Access to a Life Free of Violence (Ley General de Acceso de las Mujeres a una Vida Libre de Violencia), the General Law on Electoral Institutions and Procedures (Ley General de Instituciones y Procedimientos Electorales), the General Law on the Electoral Disputes System (Ley General del Sistema de Medios de Impugnación en Materia Electoral), the General Law on Political Parties (Ley General de Partidos Políticos), the General Law on Electoral Offences (Ley General en Materia de Delitos Electorales), the Organic Law on the Federal Attorney General's Office (Ley Orgánica de la Fiscalía General de la República), the Organic Law on the Federal Judicial Branch (Ley Orgánica del Poder Judicial) and the General Law on Administrative Responsibilities (Ley General de Responsabilidades Administrativas).
Legislated candidate quotas
Sources:
DOF: 13/04/2020: http://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5591565&fecha=13/04/2020
Legislated candidate quotas: Articles 219 and 220 of the Federal Code for Electoral Institutions and Procedures (Código Federal de Instituciones y Procedimientos Electorales, COFIPE).
First woman in parliament
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Year of first woman in parliament
Year in which the first woman entered parliament
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1952
Notes: 1952: The first ever woman in the Parliament of Mexico was appointed after the creation of a new state, Baja California; the first elected women in Parliament were in July 1955, 4 women out of 162 Lower House members; the first women in the Upper House were elected in July 1964, 2 women out of 60 Upper House members
First woman speaker
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Year of first woman speaker
Date at which, for the first time in the country's parliamentary history, a woman became Presiding Officer of Parliament or of one of its Houses.
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1994
Women’s suffrage
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Women’s right to vote
Year in which women obtained the right to vote. More than one year may be displayed depending on the status of the right: restricted or universal and changes in status.
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1947
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Restricted or universal suffrage
Suffrage: Restricted or Universal
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Universal
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Women's right to stand for election
Year in which women obtained the right to stand for election. More than one year may be displayed based on the status of the right: restricted or universal and shifts to the status.
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1953
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Restricted or universal
Stand for Election : Restricted or Universal
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No information available
Women's caucus
Women's caucuses or parliamentary groups that bring together women parliamentarians to strengthen cooperation and amplify their voices. For other parliamentary bodies or committees that have a specific mandate to address gender equality matters, see the ‘Specialized body – Gender equality’ tab.