New Zealand
House of Representatives
-
Political system
Political systems: Presidential, Parliamentary, Presidential-Parliamentary, Monarchy, Communist, Transitional.
View field in the data dictionary -
Parliamentary system
-
Structure of parliament
Structure of parliament: Unicameral, bicameral
View field in the data dictionary -
Unicameral
-
IPU membership
Current membership status
View field in the data dictionary -
Yes
Election results
Data on parliamentary elections, including the background, candidates, voter turnout, results and the formation of the new legislature. By default the latest election results are displayed. Select a date to view results from previous elections.
Background
-
Election date(s)
The date when elections started and ended for directly or indirectly elected parliaments/chambers. The date of appointments for appointed parliaments/chambers.
View field in the data dictionary -
14 Oct 2023
-
Date of dissolution of the outgoing legislature
Date at which the previous legislature (elected at the previous elections) was dissolved.
View field in the data dictionary -
No information available
-
Timing of election
Timing of election: Upon normal expiry; Early elections; Delayed elections
View field in the data dictionary -
Upon normal expiry
-
Expected date of next elections
The expected date at which the next elections should take place, based on law or practice.
View field in the data dictionary -
30 Sep 2026
-
Number of seats at stake
Number of seats contested at the elections. Where the parliament/chamber is fully renewed, this number is usually identical to the statutory number of members. Where the parliament/chamber is partially renewed or appointed, the number of seats at stake is usually less than the total number of members.
View field in the data dictionary -
123
-
Scope of elections
Scope of elections: Full renewal; Partial renewal.
View field in the data dictionary -
Full renewal
Candidates
-
Number of parties contesting the election
This field may include either the number of parties contesting the election, or the number of coalitions/electoral alliance.
View field in the data dictionary -
17
-
Total number of candidates
Total number of people who registered as candidates for election. Does not include people who stood as candidates to become "substitute members".
View field in the data dictionary -
567
Notes:
- Under the mixed member proportional (MMP) electoral system used in New Zealand, candidates can stand as an electorate candidate, a list candidate, or both.
- In 2023, a total of 449 candidates (261 men and 188 women) ran for the list seats (filled under a proportional representation system), while 486 (300 men and 186 women) ran for the electorate seats (where a majority system is used). Some candidates are thus double counted.
- The number of candidates in this section refers to the actual number of people who ran for election, and is not double counted.
- Candidates can state their gender from the options of ‘male’, ‘female’, or ‘other’. However, this is not a compulsory field for candidates to complete.
- The category ‘other’ (above) includes four candidates who selected ‘other’ as their gender, and five candidates who did not state their gender.
-
Number of male candidates
Number of male candidates
View field in the data dictionary -
329
-
Number of female candidates
Number of female candidates
View field in the data dictionary -
229
-
Number of other candidates
Number of other candidates
View field in the data dictionary -
9
-
Percentage of women candidates
The percentage is calculated by dividing the number of women candidates by the total number of candidates.
View field in the data dictionary -
40.4%
Voter turnout
-
Registered voters
Number of people registered to vote
View field in the data dictionary -
3,688,292
-
Voters
Number of people who actually voted
View field in the data dictionary -
2,884,111
-
Voter turnout
The percentage is calculated by dividing the number of people who actually voted by the number of people registered to vote
View field in the data dictionary -
78.2%
Results
-
About the election
Short description of the context and results of the election.
View field in the data dictionary -
The Labour Party, led by Prime Minister Chris Hipkins, lost its majority in the 123-member Parliament in 2023 (see note). It won 34 seats (down from 65). On the contrary, the National Party, led by former businessman Christopher Luxon, increased its share of seats from 33 to 49 seats and became the largest force in the new legislature. The Maori party tripled its share from two to six seats.
On 24 November, Mr. Luxon announced a coalition government comprising his National Party, ACT New Zealand and New Zealand First. On 27 November, Governor General Cindy Kiro swore in Mr. Luxon as Prime Minister along with the ministers of his cabinet.
The 2023 elections were the first to be held with Prime Minister Hipkins in office. He came to power in January 2023 after Ms. Jacinda Ardern resigned as Prime Minister and announced that she would not stand for re election. The key electoral issues included public debt, rising housing costs, relations with the indigenous Maori population, and climate change, as well as foreign and defence policy.
Note:
New Zealand uses the Mixed Member Proportional system. In cases where parties win more electoral seats than their share of seats as determined by the party vote, they may keep the extras, known as "overhang seats". Two overhang seats were allotted to the Maori Party in 2023, bringing the total number of Members of Parliament to 123, instead of the statutory 120.
-
Number of parties winning seats
The number of parties which won parliamentary representation in the given election.
View field in the data dictionary -
6
-
Percentage of parties winning seats
The percentage is calculated by dividing the number of parties which won parliamentary representation by the number of parties contesting the election.
View field in the data dictionary -
35.3%
-
Percentage of seats won by largest party or coalition
The percentage is calculated by dividing the number of seats won by the largest party by the number of seats at stake in the election.
View field in the data dictionary -
39.8%
-
Alternation of power after elections
The results of the elections caused a change in the government. "Not applicable" to countries using the presidential system when parliamentary and presidential elections are held separately, to countries in political transition or where there is no party system.
View field in the data dictionary -
Yes
-
Number of parties in government
The government may be formed by one or more political parties
View field in the data dictionary -
3
-
Names of parties in government
The government may be formed by one or more political parties
View field in the data dictionary -
National Party, ACT New Zealand and New Zealand First
Parties or coalitions winning seats
Political group | Total | Electorate seats | List seats |
---|---|---|---|
National Party | 49 | 44 | 5 |
Labour Party | 34 | 17 | 17 |
Green Party | 15 | 3 | 12 |
ACT New Zealand | 11 | 2 | 9 |
New Zealand First | 8 | 0 | 8 |
Maori Party | 6 | 6 | 0 |
Members elected, by sex
- Number of men elected
-
67
- Number of women elected
-
56
Notes:
- By the announcement of the official results on 3 November, 122 of the 123 seats had been confirmed, of which 54 had been won by women.
- On 25 November, a deferred election was held in Port Waikato, where the election had been postponed due to the death of a candidate.
- A male candidate of the National Party, who had already been elected under the party list, won the election, bringing the total tally for the party to 49 out of the full 123 members. A woman candidate on the list of the National Party replaced the male candidate who won the electoral seat, bringing the total number of women to 55.
- Meanwhile, a male candidate elected under the Labour Party ticket announced he would not take up his seat and was replaced by a woman, bringing the total number of women to 56.
- As at 12 December 2023, there were thus 56 women out of the full 123 members.
-
Percentage of women elected
The percentage is calculated by dividing the number of women elected by the number of seats filled.
View field in the data dictionary -
45.5%
- Women Directly Elected
-
56
- Sources
-
House of Representatives (20.11.2023, 28.11.2023, 12.12.2023)
Electoral Commission (05.12.2023)
https://electionresults.govt.nz/electionresults_2023/
https://electionresults.govt.nz/electionresults_2023_preliminary/
https://elections.nz/stats-and-research/enrolment-statistics/enrolment-by-general-electorate/
New legislature
-
Total number of men after the election
The total number of male parliamentarians in this parliament/chamber following the election or renewal, regardless of their modes of designation.
View field in the data dictionary -
67
-
Total number of women after the election
The total number of female parliamentarians in this parliament/chamber following the election or renewal, regardless of their modes of designation.
View field in the data dictionary -
56
-
Percentage of women after the election
The percentage is calculated by dividing the total number of women in this parliament/chamber by the current number of members.
View field in the data dictionary -
45.5%
-
First-term parliamentarians
The number of members who are assuming their parliamentary mandate for the first time following the election or renewal, regardless of their mode of designation.
View field in the data dictionary -
41
-
Percentage of first-term parliamentarians
The percentage is calculated by dividing the number of first-term parliamentarians by the number of seats at stake in the election.
View field in the data dictionary -
33.3%
-
Date of the first session
The date when the newly elected parliament/chamber was convened for the first time. It may be different from the date when members were sworn in.
View field in the data dictionary -
05 Dec 2023
First Speaker of the new legislature
- Personal details for the first Speaker of the new legislature
-
Gerry Brownlee (Male)
Date of birth: 04 Feb 1956 -
Political party
The political party to which the Speaker belonged to at the moment of the election. In some parliaments, the Speaker suspends or relinquishes their party membership during their term in office and is considered as an independent member.
View field in the data dictionary -
National Party
-
Date of election
The date of the election of the Speaker may be different from the date of the first session of the new legislature.
View field in the data dictionary -
05 Dec 2023