Peru
Congress of the Republic
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Political system
Political systems: Presidential, Parliamentary, Presidential-Parliamentary, Monarchy, Communist, Transitional.
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Presidential system
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Structure of parliament
Structure of parliament: Unicameral, bicameral
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Unicameral
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IPU membership
Current membership status
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Yes
Election results
Data on parliamentary elections, including the background, candidates, voter turnout, results and the formation of the new legislature. By default the latest election results are displayed. Select a date to view results from previous elections.
Background
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Election date(s)
The date when elections started and ended for directly or indirectly elected parliaments/chambers. The date of appointments for appointed parliaments/chambers.
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26 Jan 2020
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Date of dissolution of the outgoing legislature
Date at which the previous legislature (elected at the previous elections) was dissolved.
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30 Sep 2019
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Timing of election
Timing of election: Upon normal expiry; Early elections; Delayed elections
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Early elections
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Number of seats at stake
Number of seats contested at the elections. Where the parliament/chamber is fully renewed, this number is usually identical to the statutory number of members. Where the parliament/chamber is partially renewed or appointed, the number of seats at stake is usually less than the total number of members.
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130
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Scope of elections
Scope of elections: Full renewal; Partial renewal.
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Full renewal
Candidates
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Number of parties contesting the election
This field may include either the number of parties contesting the election, or the number of coalitions/electoral alliance.
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21
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Total number of candidates
Total number of people who registered as candidates for election. Does not include people who stood as candidates to become "substitute members".
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2,326
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Number of male candidates
Number of male candidates
View field in the data dictionary -
1,386
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Number of female candidates
Number of female candidates
View field in the data dictionary -
940
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Percentage of women candidates
The percentage is calculated by dividing the number of women candidates by the total number of candidates.
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40.4%
Voter turnout
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Registered voters
Number of people registered to vote
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24,799,384
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Voters
Number of people who actually voted
View field in the data dictionary -
18,369,088
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Voter turnout
The percentage is calculated by dividing the number of people who actually voted by the number of people registered to vote
View field in the data dictionary -
74.1%
Results
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About the election
Short description of the context and results of the election.
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The snap elections in 2020 returned a fragmented parliament, with nine parties (up from six) entering the 130-member Congress of the Republic. Only two of them – Popular Action and the Alliance for Progress – won more than 20 seats. The largest party in the previous legislature, the Popular Force (see note 1), reduced its share of the seats from 73 to 15. The newly elected legislature, convened on 16 March, will serve out the five-year term of the previous parliament elected in April 2016. On 29 May, Congress expressed confidence in a new Cabinet led by Prime Minister Vicente Zeballos with the support of most members of six parliamentary parties (see note 2).
The snap elections followed the stand-off between the President and Congress. In March 2018, Mr. Martín Vizcarra succeeded President Pedro Pablo Kuczynski, who had resigned amid corruption allegations. The new President announced anti-corruption measures, but the Congress controlled by the Popular Force blocked the vote on the President’s reform plans several times. On 28 July 2019, President Vizcarra presented a reform to Congress to bring forward general elections by one year to July 2020, instead of 2021, stating that the country needed a fresh start. On 26 September, Congress shelved the President’s proposal. The following day the President called for a confidence vote but Congress did not take it up. On 30 September, President Vizcarra dissolved Congress and called early parliamentary elections for 26 January 2020. On 3 October, the President appointed a Cabinet led by former Justice Minister Zeballos. Although Speaker Pedro Olaechea filed a case at the Constitutional Court against the dissolution of Congress, on 15 January 2020 the Court ruled in the President’s favour.
Note 1:
The party leader, Ms. Keiko Fujimori (daughter of former President Alberto Fujimori) is accused of receiving illicit party funding for her unsuccessful 2011 presidential election campaign. Although she was released from preventive custody in November 2019, she was placed in custody again shortly after the 2020 elections.
Note 2:
A total of 89 members from Popular Action, the Alliance for Progress, the Agricultural People's Front (FRERAP), the Democratic Party "We Are Peru", Podemos Perú and the Purple Party voted for the new Cabinet.
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Number of parties winning seats
The number of parties which won parliamentary representation in the given election.
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9
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Percentage of parties winning seats
The percentage is calculated by dividing the number of parties which won parliamentary representation by the number of parties contesting the election.
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42.9%
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Percentage of seats won by largest party or coalition
The percentage is calculated by dividing the number of seats won by the largest party by the number of seats at stake in the election.
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19.2%
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Alternation of power after elections
The results of the elections caused a change in the government. "Not applicable" to countries using the presidential system when parliamentary and presidential elections are held separately, to countries in political transition or where there is no party system.
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Not applicable
Parties or coalitions winning seats
| Political group | Total |
|---|---|
| Popular Action | 25 |
| Alliance for Progress | 22 |
| Agricultural People's Front (FRERAP) | 15 |
| Popular Force | 15 |
| Union for Peru | 13 |
| Democratic Party We Are Peru" | 11 |
| Podemos Perú | 11 |
| Purple Party | 9 |
| Broad Front or Justice, Life and Liberty | 9 |
Members elected, by sex
- Number of men elected
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96
- Number of women elected
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34
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Percentage of women elected
The percentage is calculated by dividing the number of women elected by the number of seats filled.
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26.2%
- Women Directly Elected
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34
- Sources
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New legislature
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Total number of men after the election
The total number of male parliamentarians in this parliament/chamber following the election or renewal, regardless of their modes of designation.
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96
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Total number of women after the election
The total number of female parliamentarians in this parliament/chamber following the election or renewal, regardless of their modes of designation.
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34
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Percentage of women after the election
The percentage is calculated by dividing the total number of women in this parliament/chamber by the current number of members.
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26.2%
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First-term parliamentarians
The number of members who are assuming their parliamentary mandate for the first time following the election or renewal, regardless of their mode of designation.
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120
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Percentage of first-term parliamentarians
The percentage is calculated by dividing the number of first-term parliamentarians by the number of seats at stake in the election.
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92.3%
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Date of the first session
The date when the newly elected parliament/chamber was convened for the first time. It may be different from the date when members were sworn in.
View field in the data dictionary -
16 Mar 2020
First Speaker of the new legislature
- Personal details for the first Speaker of the new legislature
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Manuel Arturo Merino De Lama (Male)
Date of birth: 1961 -
Political party
The political party to which the Speaker belonged to at the moment of the election. In some parliaments, the Speaker suspends or relinquishes their party membership during their term in office and is considered as an independent member.
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Popular Action
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Date of election
The date of the election of the Speaker may be different from the date of the first session of the new legislature.
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16 Mar 2020