Timor-Leste
National Parliament
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Political system
Political systems: Presidential, Parliamentary, Presidential-Parliamentary, Monarchy, Communist, Transitional.
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Parliamentary system
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Structure of parliament
Structure of parliament: Unicameral, bicameral
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Unicameral
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IPU membership
Current membership status
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Yes
Election results
Data on parliamentary elections, including the background, candidates, voter turnout, results and the formation of the new legislature. By default the latest election results are displayed. Select a date to view results from previous elections.
Background
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Election date(s)
The date when elections started and ended for directly or indirectly elected parliaments/chambers. The date of appointments for appointed parliaments/chambers.
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21 May 2023
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Date of dissolution of the outgoing legislature
Date at which the previous legislature (elected at the previous elections) was dissolved.
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No information available
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Timing of election
Timing of election: Upon normal expiry; Early elections; Delayed elections
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Upon normal expiry
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Expected date of next elections
The expected date at which the next elections should take place, based on law or practice.
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31 May 2028
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Number of seats at stake
Number of seats contested at the elections. Where the parliament/chamber is fully renewed, this number is usually identical to the statutory number of members. Where the parliament/chamber is partially renewed or appointed, the number of seats at stake is usually less than the total number of members.
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65
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Scope of elections
Scope of elections: Full renewal; Partial renewal.
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Full renewal
Candidates
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Number of parties contesting the election
This field may include either the number of parties contesting the election, or the number of coalitions/electoral alliance.
View field in the data dictionary -
17
Voter turnout
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Registered voters
Number of people registered to vote
View field in the data dictionary -
890,145
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Voters
Number of people who actually voted
View field in the data dictionary -
705,693
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Voter turnout
The percentage is calculated by dividing the number of people who actually voted by the number of people registered to vote
View field in the data dictionary -
79.3%
Results
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About the election
Short description of the context and results of the election.
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The National Congress for the Reconstruction of Timor-Leste (CNRT), led by Mr. Xanana Gusmão (the country’s first President), became the largest party, taking 31 seats but fell short of the required majority in the 65-member Parliament. The Revolutionary Front for an Independent Timor-Leste (FRETILIN, see note 1) came second with 19 seats. The remaining seats were split among three parties. On 22 June, the newly elected Parliament held its first session and elected Ms. Maria Fernanda Lay (CNRT) as its new President, who thereby became the first women in Timor-Leste to assume the post.
On 1 July, the President appointed Mr. Gusmão as the new Prime Minister whose government is backed by the CNRT and the Democratic Party (PD). Mr. Gusmão succeeded Mr. José Maria Vasconcelos (known as Taur Matan Ruak, see note 2) of the People's Liberation Party (PLP).
The 2023 elections were held under President José Ramos-Horta (CNRT), who had defeated President Francisco “Lú-Olo” Guterres (FRETILIN) in the 2022 presidential election. Shortly before the 2023 elections, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) adopted a roadmap for Timor-Leste’s full membership, a decade after the country’s first application.
Note 1:
In 2023, former Prime Minister Mari Alkatiri led FRETILIN, a party established by the former President Francisco “Lú-Olo” Guterres.
Note 2:
Both the CNRT and the PD as well as the Kmanek Haburas Unidade Nasional Timor Oan (KHUNTO) had been in the Alliance of Change for Progress (AMP), the winner of the 2018 elections which had backed Prime Minister Taur Matan Ruak. However, the AMP alliance collapsed in February 2020 due to rows over the budget. In May 2020, Mr. Taur Matan Ruak formed a new government with the support from FRETILIN, the PLP, the PD and KHUNTO.
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Number of parties winning seats
The number of parties which won parliamentary representation in the given election.
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5
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Percentage of parties winning seats
The percentage is calculated by dividing the number of parties which won parliamentary representation by the number of parties contesting the election.
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29.4%
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Percentage of seats won by largest party or coalition
The percentage is calculated by dividing the number of seats won by the largest party by the number of seats at stake in the election.
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47.7%
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Alternation of power after elections
The results of the elections caused a change in the government. "Not applicable" to countries using the presidential system when parliamentary and presidential elections are held separately, to countries in political transition or where there is no party system.
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Not applicable
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Number of parties in government
The government may be formed by one or more political parties
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2
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Names of parties in government
The government may be formed by one or more political parties
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National Congress for the Reconstruction of Timor-Leste (CNRT), Democratic Party (PD)
Parties or coalitions winning seats
Political group | Total |
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National Congress for the Reconstruction of Timor-Leste (CNRT) | 31 |
Revolutionary Front for an independent East Timor (FRETILIN) | 19 |
Democratic Party (PD) | 6 |
Kmanek Haburas Unidade Nasional Timor Oan (KHUNTO) | 5 |
People's Liberation Party (PLP) | 4 |
Members elected, by sex
- Number of men elected
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43
- Number of women elected
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22
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Percentage of women elected
The percentage is calculated by dividing the number of women elected by the number of seats filled.
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33.8%
- Women Directly Elected
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22
- Sources
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National Parliament (06.06.2023, 07.06.2023, 22.06.2023)
https://www.cne.tl/ap2023/telaNasional
New legislature
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Total number of men after the election
The total number of male parliamentarians in this parliament/chamber following the election or renewal, regardless of their modes of designation.
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43
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Total number of women after the election
The total number of female parliamentarians in this parliament/chamber following the election or renewal, regardless of their modes of designation.
View field in the data dictionary -
22
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Percentage of women after the election
The percentage is calculated by dividing the total number of women in this parliament/chamber by the current number of members.
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33.8%
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First-term parliamentarians
The number of members who are assuming their parliamentary mandate for the first time following the election or renewal, regardless of their mode of designation.
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27
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Percentage of first-term parliamentarians
The percentage is calculated by dividing the number of first-term parliamentarians by the number of seats at stake in the election.
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41.5%
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Date of the first session
The date when the newly elected parliament/chamber was convened for the first time. It may be different from the date when members were sworn in.
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22 Jun 2023
First Speaker of the new legislature
- Personal details for the first Speaker of the new legislature
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Maria Fernanda Lay (Female)
Date of birth: 10 Nov 1954 -
Political party
The political party to which the Speaker belonged to at the moment of the election. In some parliaments, the Speaker suspends or relinquishes their party membership during their term in office and is considered as an independent member.
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National Congress for the Reconstruction of Timor-Leste (CNRT)
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Date of election
The date of the election of the Speaker may be different from the date of the first session of the new legislature.
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22 Jun 2023