Türkiye

Grand National Assembly of Türkiye

Political system
Presidential-Parliamentary
Structure of parliament
Unicameral
IPU membership
Yes

Parliamentary mandate

Start and end of mandate

Start of the parliamentary mandate for newly elected members
When the election results are declared
Start of the parliamentary mandate for appointed members
Not applicable
End of the parliamentary mandate
On the day of new elections

Speaker

Mode of designation of the Speaker
The Speaker is elected from among the members of parliament/chamber
Authority that designates the Speaker when the Speaker is designated from outside parliament.
Not applicable
Rank of the Speaker in the hierarchy of the State
Second
Speaker becomes interim Head of State in the event of the latter’s death or incapacity
No

Notes: Until a new President is elected, the Vice-President of the Republic exercises the powers of the President of the Republic.

Sources: Constitution, art. 106

Speaker's mandate continues between legislatures
Yes

Speaker terms

The term of the Speaker is different from the term of the house
Yes
Speaker's term
2 Years
Fixed election date for the Speaker, if any
No information available

Notes:

Two elections are held for the Office of the Speaker in the course of a legislative term. Term of office for the first elected Speaker is two years, and term of office for the second elected Speaker is three years.

Candidates for Speaker are submitted to the Bureau within five days after the first meeting of the Assembly following the general elections or starting ten days before the end of the term of office of the Speaker for the election of the second term, with the election concluded within five days of the end of the period of nomination.

Sources: Rules of Procedure, art. 10

Immunity and code of conduct

Parliament’s authorization is required for the detention or prosecution of members
Yes, except for flagrant delicto

Notes: A deputy who is alleged to have committed an offence before or after election shall not be detained, interrogated, arrested or tried unless the Assembly decides otherwise, but this provision does not apply in cases of flagrante delicto requiring heavy penalty and in cases subject to Article 14 of the Constitution, as long as an investigation has been initiated before the election. Nevertheless, the competent authority must notify the Grand National Assembly of Turkey of the case immediately and directly.

Sources: 2017 Constitution, art. 14 and 83

There is a Code of conduct for members
Yes

Notes: In accordance with Article 29 of the Regulation on the Principles of Ethical Conduct for Public Officials and Application Procedures and Basics issued based on Law No. 5176 an "Ethics Commission" was established within the parliament to develop an ethical institutional culture, make recommendations and guidance regarding the problems encountered by personnel regarding the principles of ethical conduct, and to evaluate ethical practices.

Links to codes of conduct

Salaries and allowances

Members are paid salaries by parliament
Yes
(2023)
Basic salary, per year
1,152,942 TRY
(2023)
Basic salary, per year in PPP
244,267
(2023)
Basic allowances
Click for historical data
Basic allowance in PPP
4,564
Names of the basic allowances

Travel allowance

Members pay income tax on salaries
Yes
Members pay income tax on allowances
No information available
Members can have remunerated employment outside parliament
No
Members are required to declare income from other employment to parliament
No information available
Additional salaries and allowances provided for leadership positions
Yes

Facilities, services and allowances for constituency work

Personal staff to work directly for the parliamentarian
Yes
Office at parliament
Yes
Constituency office
No
Housing
No
Other cash or in-kind allowances for constituency work
No
Additional salaries and allowances for leadership positions
List of salaries and allowances for leadership positions
Salary Allowances
Speaker Yes
Committee Chair Yes

Notes:

Additional salary received per annum:

Speaker: 16,944 TRY

Deputy Speaker: 14,124 TRY

Member of the Bureau of the President: 10,164 TRY

Salary of the Speaker
No information available
Parliament determines the amount of salaries
No
Name of the institution outside parliament which determines the amount
No information available
Parliament determines the amount of allowances
No
The parliamentary salary is determined in reference to another salary scale
No

Notes: The monthly amount of the salary cannot exceed the salary of the most senior civil servant and the travel allowance shall not surpass half of that salary.

Sources: 2017 Constitution, art. 86

Reference scale used for parliamentary salaries
Civil service salary scale

Notes: Article 86 of the Constitution of Turkey states that the salaries, allowances and retirement arrangements of the members of the Turkish Grand National Assembly shall be regulated by law. The monthly amount of the salary shall not exceed the salary of the most senior civil servant; the travel allowance shall not exceed half of that salary. Also, in every year with the budget law, changes in these amounts are determined and executed by the Council of Ministers.

Information on salaries and allowances on the parliamentary website
Year data was last reported

2021

Participation in the government

Members of the government must also be members of parliament
Can be a member of parliament
Number of members of the parliament/chamber who are also members of the government
No information available
Members for whom data is available
600
(2023)
Percentage of members of parliament/chamber who are also members of the government
No information available

Historical data for IPU membership

Historical data for IPU membership
Year IPU membership
2020-09
List of values for 2020-09
No
2019-04
List of values for 2019-04
No
2018-06
List of values for 2018-06
No