United States of America
Senate
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Political system
Political systems: Presidential, Parliamentary, Presidential-Parliamentary, Monarchy, Communist, Transitional.
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Presidential system
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Structure of parliament
Structure of parliament: Unicameral, bicameral
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Bicameral
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IPU membership
Current membership status
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No
Election results
Data on parliamentary elections, including the background, candidates, voter turnout, results and the formation of the new legislature. By default the latest election results are displayed. Select a date to view results from previous elections.
Background
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Election date(s)
The date when elections started and ended for directly or indirectly elected parliaments/chambers. The date of appointments for appointed parliaments/chambers.
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08 Nov 2022
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Date of dissolution of the outgoing legislature
Date at which the previous legislature (elected at the previous elections) was dissolved.
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No information available
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Timing of election
Timing of election: Upon normal expiry; Early elections; Delayed elections
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Upon normal expiry
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Expected date of next elections
The expected date at which the next elections should take place, based on law or practice.
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05 Nov 2024
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Number of seats at stake
Number of seats contested at the elections. Where the parliament/chamber is fully renewed, this number is usually identical to the statutory number of members. Where the parliament/chamber is partially renewed or appointed, the number of seats at stake is usually less than the total number of members.
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35
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Scope of elections
Scope of elections: Full renewal; Partial renewal.
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Partial renewal
Candidates
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Number of parties contesting the election
This field may include either the number of parties contesting the election, or the number of coalitions/electoral alliance.
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3
Notes: Only two parties, the Democrats and the Republicans, fielded congressional candidates in all 50 US states and the territories. The Libertarian Party fielded candidates in most, but not all, states.
Results
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About the election
Short description of the context and results of the election.
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In the mid-term elections held under President Joe Biden (Democrat), the Democrats narrowly retained control of the 100-member Senate (see note 1) while Republicans regained a majority in the 435-member House of Representatives.
The 2022 elections were held against the backdrop of the war in Ukraine that started in February. The war has triggered a global financial downturn and a steady rise in the cost of living in the United States. The elections were also the first to be held after the Supreme Court ruling of June 2022 that overturned the 1973 Roe v Wade ruling. As a result, abortion rights were pushed to the centre of the electoral debate, along with the economy, inflation and immigration (see note 2).
Note 1:
Democrats held 51 seats in the 100-member Senate after the 2022 elections, which renewed 35 seats. In addition, the Vice President of the United States (Democrat), who is also the President of the Senate, may cast tie-breaking votes. Democrats have therefore retained control of the Senate.
Note 2:
The 1973 Roe v Wade ruling had granted the right to abortion in the United States. The 2022 ruling triggered widespread protests across the country. President Joe Biden has described the ruling as a “sad day” for the country. Democrats tried to pass a federal law to protect the right to abortion. Republicans argued that abortion regulations should be handled by US states. At least 13 states had banned most abortions by November 2022.
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Number of parties winning seats
The number of parties which won parliamentary representation in the given election.
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2
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Percentage of parties winning seats
The percentage is calculated by dividing the number of parties which won parliamentary representation by the number of parties contesting the election.
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66.7%
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Percentage of seats won by largest party or coalition
The percentage is calculated by dividing the number of seats won by the largest party by the number of seats at stake in the election.
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57.1%
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Alternation of power after elections
The results of the elections caused a change in the government. "Not applicable" to countries using the presidential system when parliamentary and presidential elections are held separately, to countries in political transition or where there is no party system.
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No
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Number of parties in government
The government may be formed by one or more political parties
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1
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Names of parties in government
The government may be formed by one or more political parties
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Democratic Party
Parties or coalitions winning seats
| Political group | Total | Full composition |
|---|---|---|
| Democratic Party | 15 | 51 |
| Republican Party | 20 | 49 |
Members elected, by sex
- Number of men elected
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29
- Number of women elected
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6
Notes: There were 25 women out of 100 senators: 6 women elected in 2022 (out of 35 senators) and 19 women among the 65 incumbent senators whose terms were not up in 2022.
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Percentage of women elected
The percentage is calculated by dividing the number of women elected by the number of seats filled.
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17.1%
- Women Directly Elected
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6
- Other notes on the elections
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Note on the parties or coalitions winning seats:
- Thirty-five seats were contested at the 2022 Senate elections: 34 seats from regular renewal and one special election.
- The Democratic Party held 51 seats, including those of two independents who caucus with the Democrats.
- Sources
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Congressional Research Service (29.11.2022, 07.12.2022)
https://www.senate.gov/senators/ListofWomenSenators.htmhttps://www.politico.com/2022-election/results/senate/
https://cawp.rutgers.edu/election-watch/2022-election-results-tracker/women-118th-congress
https://clerk.house.gov/member_info/electionInfo/2022/118-nominations.pdf
BBC Monitoring
New legislature
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Total number of men after the election
The total number of male parliamentarians in this parliament/chamber following the election or renewal, regardless of their modes of designation.
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75
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Total number of women after the election
The total number of female parliamentarians in this parliament/chamber following the election or renewal, regardless of their modes of designation.
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25
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Percentage of women after the election
The percentage is calculated by dividing the total number of women in this parliament/chamber by the current number of members.
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25.0%
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First-term parliamentarians
The number of members who are assuming their parliamentary mandate for the first time following the election or renewal, regardless of their mode of designation.
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4
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Percentage of first-term parliamentarians
The percentage is calculated by dividing the number of first-term parliamentarians by the number of seats at stake in the election.
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4.0%
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Date of the first session
The date when the newly elected parliament/chamber was convened for the first time. It may be different from the date when members were sworn in.
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03 Jan 2023
First Speaker of the new legislature
- Personal details for the first Speaker of the new legislature
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Kamala D. Harris (Female)
Date of birth: 20 Oct 1964 -
Political party
The political party to which the Speaker belonged to at the moment of the election. In some parliaments, the Speaker suspends or relinquishes their party membership during their term in office and is considered as an independent member.
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Democratic Party
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Date of election
The date of the election of the Speaker may be different from the date of the first session of the new legislature.
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20 Jan 2021
- Personal details for the first Speaker of the new legislature
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Patty Murray (Female)
Date of birth: 11 Oct 1950 -
Political party
The political party to which the Speaker belonged to at the moment of the election. In some parliaments, the Speaker suspends or relinquishes their party membership during their term in office and is considered as an independent member.
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Democratic Party
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Date of election
The date of the election of the Speaker may be different from the date of the first session of the new legislature.
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03 Jan 2023