Spain
Senate
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Political system
Political systems: Presidential, Parliamentary, Presidential-Parliamentary, Monarchy, Communist, Transitional.
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Parliamentary system
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Structure of parliament
Structure of parliament: Unicameral, bicameral
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Bicameral
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IPU membership
Current membership status
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Yes
Data on women
Information on the current and historical representation of women in the parliament. Consult the 'Elections' tab to see how women have fared in elections or renewals.
Current representation
Women's representation in the current parliament or chamber
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Current number of members
Number of members who currently hold seats in parliament. May be lower or higher than the statutory number of members.
View field in the data dictionary -
265
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Women
The number of female parliamentarians who currently hold seats in parliament.
View field in the data dictionary -
112
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Percentage of women
Calculated by dividing the current number of women by the current number of members.
View field in the data dictionary -
42.3%
Speaker
Click for historical data
Secretary general
- Secretary General
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Sara Sieira Mucientes (Female)
Chairs of specialized bodies
| Specialized body | Theme | Name | Sex | Age |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Senate Equality Commission | Gender equality | Josefina Antonia Bueno Alonso | Female | 57 |
| Committee on Social Rights | Human rights | Ana Belén Edo Gil | Female | 50 |
| Committee on Rights of the Family, Child, and Adolescents | Human rights | María de los Ángeles Luna Morales | Female | 61 |
| Committee for Comprehensive Disability Policies | Human rights | María Teresa Fernández Molina | Female | 46 |
Data on age at the start of the legislature
Number of members, by age (2023-08)
| 18 - 20 | 21 - 30 | 31 - 40 | 41 - 45 | 46 - 50 | 51 - 60 | 61 - 70 | 71 - 80 | 81 - 90 | 91 and over | Totals per gender | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male | 0 | 5 | 11 | 11 | 21 | 49 | 46 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 148 |
| Female | 0 | 0 | 10 | 12 | 27 | 46 | 15 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 111 |
| Totals per age interval | 0 | 5 | 21 | 23 | 48 | 95 | 61 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 259 |
| Total <= 45: 49 | Total >= 46: 210 | ||||||||||
| Age at the last election or renewal | Overall | Male | Female |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.9% | 1.9% | 0.0% | |
| 10.0% | 6% | 3.9% | |
| 18.9% | 10% | 8.5% |
Reserved seats and quotas
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There are reserved seats in parliament for certain groups
Reserved seats are a means to ensure the parliamentary representation of certain groups in society.
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No
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Electoral quota for women
Quotas to promote gender-balanced representation in parliament
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Yes
Notes: Legislated candidate quotas. Candidate lists must have a balanced proportion of women and men, so that candidates of either sex make up at least 40% of total membership. Where the number of seats to be covered is less than five, the balance between women and men shall be as even as possible.
Sources: Section 44 of Electoral Law (Ley Orgánica del Régimen Electoral General).
First woman in parliament
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Year of first woman in parliament
Year in which the first woman entered parliament
View field in the data dictionary -
1931
First woman speaker
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Year of first woman speaker
Date at which, for the first time in the country's parliamentary history, a woman became Presiding Officer of Parliament or of one of its Houses.
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1999
Women’s suffrage
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Women’s right to vote
Year in which women obtained the right to vote. More than one year may be displayed depending on the status of the right: restricted or universal and changes in status.
View field in the data dictionary -
1931
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Restricted or universal suffrage
Suffrage: Restricted or Universal
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Universal
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Women's right to stand for election
Year in which women obtained the right to stand for election. More than one year may be displayed based on the status of the right: restricted or universal and shifts to the status.
View field in the data dictionary -
1931
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Restricted or universal
Stand for Election : Restricted or Universal
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No information available
Women's caucus
Women's caucuses or parliamentary groups that bring together women parliamentarians to strengthen cooperation and amplify their voices. For other parliamentary bodies or committees that have a specific mandate to address gender equality matters, see the ‘Specialized body – Gender equality’ tab.
There is currently no women's caucus in this chamber.