Japan
House of Representatives
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Political system
Political systems: Presidential, Parliamentary, Presidential-Parliamentary, Monarchy, Communist, Transitional.
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Parliamentary system
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Structure of parliament
Structure of parliament: Unicameral, bicameral
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Bicameral
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IPU membership
Current membership status
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Yes
Structure
Data on parliamentary sessions, parliamentary committees and parliamentary groups.
Sessions
- Number of ordinary sessions of parliament per year
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One
Dates of parliamentary sessions
| Parliament is usually in ordinary session | Extraordinary sessions can be held | |
|---|---|---|
| January | x | x |
| February | x | x |
| March | x | x |
| April | x | x |
| May | x | x |
| June | x | x |
| July | x | |
| August | x | |
| September | x | |
| October | x | |
| November | x | |
| December | x |
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Number of days the parliament/chamber met in plenary, per year
This may include virtual sessions.
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50(2022)
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All languages recognized in the constitution can be used in plenary meetings
Answer “No” includes the countries where only one language is recognized by the Constitution.
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No information available
Committees
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Number of permanent committees
This number does not include sub-committees or joint committees in bicameral parliaments.
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17(2021-11)
- Number of permanent joint committees in bicameral parliaments
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No information available
Parliamentary groups
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Parliamentary groups are recognized in the parliamentary rules
“Parliamentary groups” are the primary means by which political parties organize themselves in parliament. They may also be known as “party groups”, “caucuses” or “fractions”. They are different from all-party groups on specific issues, or inter-parliamentary friendship groups.
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Yes
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Number of parliamentary groups
Parliamentary groups are the primary means by which political parties organize themselves in Parliament. They may also be known as “party groups”, “coalitions”, “caucuses” or “factions”. They are different from all-party groups on specific issues, or inter-parliamentary friendship groups.
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8(2022)
- Minimum number of members required to form a parliamentary group
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2
- There is a minimum number of members to form a parliamentary group
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Yes
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Percentage of members required to form a parliamentary group
The percentage is calculated by dividing the minimum number of members required to form a parliamentary group by the statutory number of members of the parliament or chamber.
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0%(2013)
- Independent members can jointly form a parliamentary group
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Yes
- Not applicable. There are no independent members in this parliament/chamber
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No
- Several parties can jointly form a parliamentary group
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Yes
- Relevant provisions about parliamentary groups in the parliamentary rules of procedure
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Parliamentary groups are not defined in the rules, but some provisions presuppose their existence. (Article 46 of the National Diet Law, for example, provides that “Membership of Standing Committees and of Special Committees shall be allocated to political groups in the House in proportion to their numerical strength, and then the Committee members shall be appointed according to this allocation.”