Finland
Parliament
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Political system
Political systems: Presidential, Parliamentary, Presidential-Parliamentary, Monarchy, Communist, Transitional.
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Parliamentary system
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Structure of parliament
Structure of parliament: Unicameral, bicameral
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Unicameral
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IPU membership
Current membership status
View field in the data dictionary -
Yes
Election results
Data on parliamentary elections, including the background, candidates, voter turnout, results and the formation of the new legislature. By default the latest election results are displayed. Select a date to view results from previous elections.
Background
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Election date(s)
The date when elections started and ended for directly or indirectly elected parliaments/chambers. The date of appointments for appointed parliaments/chambers.
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02 Apr 2023
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Date of dissolution of the outgoing legislature
Date at which the previous legislature (elected at the previous elections) was dissolved.
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29 Mar 2023
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Timing of election
Timing of election: Upon normal expiry; Early elections; Delayed elections
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Upon normal expiry
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Expected date of next elections
The expected date at which the next elections should take place, based on law or practice.
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30 Apr 2027
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Number of seats at stake
Number of seats contested at the elections. Where the parliament/chamber is fully renewed, this number is usually identical to the statutory number of members. Where the parliament/chamber is partially renewed or appointed, the number of seats at stake is usually less than the total number of members.
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200
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Scope of elections
Scope of elections: Full renewal; Partial renewal.
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Full renewal
Candidates
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Number of parties contesting the election
This field may include either the number of parties contesting the election, or the number of coalitions/electoral alliance.
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22
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Total number of candidates
Total number of people who registered as candidates for election. Does not include people who stood as candidates to become "substitute members".
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2,424
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Number of male candidates
Number of male candidates
View field in the data dictionary -
1,385
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Number of female candidates
Number of female candidates
View field in the data dictionary -
1,039
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Percentage of women candidates
The percentage is calculated by dividing the number of women candidates by the total number of candidates.
View field in the data dictionary -
42.9%
Voter turnout
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Registered voters
Number of people registered to vote
View field in the data dictionary -
4,277,487
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Voters
Number of people who actually voted
View field in the data dictionary -
3,075,963
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Voter turnout
The percentage is calculated by dividing the number of people who actually voted by the number of people registered to vote
View field in the data dictionary -
71.9%
Results
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About the election
Short description of the context and results of the election.
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The National Coalition Party (KOK), led by Mr. Petteri Orpo, came first, taking 48 seats in the 200-member parliament. It took 10 more seats than the previous elections held in 2019. The Finns Party (PS), led by Ms. Riikka Purra, also increased its share of seats from 39 to 46 and became the second largest force. The Social Democratic Party (SDP), led by Prime Minister Sanna Marin (see note), also won more seats but finished third. Ms. Marin conceded defeat. On 16 June, Mr. Orpo announced a coalition government involving his KOK, The Finns Party (PS), the Swedish People’s Party of Finland and the Christian Democrats (KD). The new government took office on 20 June.
The 2023 elections were held against the backdrop of the war in Ukraine that started in February 2022. Of the European Union members, Finland shares the longest border with Russia. In May 2022, Finland submitted its application to join NATO and joined officially the Organization on 4 April 2023. The war in Ukraine has increased the cost of living in Finland and the country’s public debt. The major electoral issues in 2023 were the economy, policies to curb deficit spending and immigration. On 12 April 2023, the newly elected Parliament held its first session and elected Mr. Orpo as its Acting Speaker, who will lead Parliament until the formation of the new government. The following day, President Sauli Niinistö officially opened the new Parliament. He stated that the era of Finland’s military non-alignment had come to an end and underscored the major role that Parliament would play in Finland as a NATO member.
Note:
Ms. Marin had succeeded Mr. Antti Rinne in December 2019 at the age of 34 thereby becoming Finland’s youngest prime minister.
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Number of parties winning seats
The number of parties which won parliamentary representation in the given election.
View field in the data dictionary -
9
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Percentage of parties winning seats
The percentage is calculated by dividing the number of parties which won parliamentary representation by the number of parties contesting the election.
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40.9%
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Percentage of seats won by largest party or coalition
The percentage is calculated by dividing the number of seats won by the largest party by the number of seats at stake in the election.
View field in the data dictionary -
24.0%
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Alternation of power after elections
The results of the elections caused a change in the government. "Not applicable" to countries using the presidential system when parliamentary and presidential elections are held separately, to countries in political transition or where there is no party system.
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Yes
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Number of parties in government
The government may be formed by one or more political parties
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4
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Names of parties in government
The government may be formed by one or more political parties
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National Coalition Party (KOK), The Finns Party (PS), the Swedish People’s Party of Finland and the Christian Democrats (KD)
Parties or coalitions winning seats
| Political group | Total |
|---|---|
| National Coalition Party (KOK) | 48 |
| The Finns Party (PS) | 46 |
| Social Democratic Party (SDP) | 43 |
| Center Party (KESK) | 23 |
| The Greens | 13 |
| Left Alliance (Vas) | 11 |
| Swedish People’s Party of Finland | 9 |
| Christian Democrats (KD) | 5 |
| Movement Now (Liike Nyt) | 1 |
| Others | 1 |
Members elected, by sex
- Number of men elected
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108
- Number of women elected
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92
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Percentage of women elected
The percentage is calculated by dividing the number of women elected by the number of seats filled.
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46.0%
- Women Directly Elected
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92
- Sources
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Parliament (05.04.2023)
https://tulospalvelu.vaalit.fi/EKV-2023/en/tulos_kokomaa.html
https://tulospalvelu.vaalit.fi/EKV-2023/en/aanestys1.html
https://tulospalvelu.vaalit.fi/EKV-2023/en/ehd_listat_kokomaa.htm
https://stat.fi/en/publication/cl8mtc631zy620dutmo93xkoc
New legislature
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Total number of men after the election
The total number of male parliamentarians in this parliament/chamber following the election or renewal, regardless of their modes of designation.
View field in the data dictionary -
108
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Total number of women after the election
The total number of female parliamentarians in this parliament/chamber following the election or renewal, regardless of their modes of designation.
View field in the data dictionary -
92
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Percentage of women after the election
The percentage is calculated by dividing the total number of women in this parliament/chamber by the current number of members.
View field in the data dictionary -
46.0%
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First-term parliamentarians
The number of members who are assuming their parliamentary mandate for the first time following the election or renewal, regardless of their mode of designation.
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55
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Percentage of first-term parliamentarians
The percentage is calculated by dividing the number of first-term parliamentarians by the number of seats at stake in the election.
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27.5%
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Date of the first session
The date when the newly elected parliament/chamber was convened for the first time. It may be different from the date when members were sworn in.
View field in the data dictionary -
13 Apr 2023
First Speaker of the new legislature
- Personal details for the first Speaker of the new legislature
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Jussi Kristian Halla-aho (Male)
Date of birth: 27 Apr 1971 -
Political party
The political party to which the Speaker belonged to at the moment of the election. In some parliaments, the Speaker suspends or relinquishes their party membership during their term in office and is considered as an independent member.
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The Finns Party (PS)
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Date of election
The date of the election of the Speaker may be different from the date of the first session of the new legislature.
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21 Jun 2023