Guatemala
Congress of the Republic
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Political system
Political systems: Presidential, Parliamentary, Presidential-Parliamentary, Monarchy, Communist, Transitional.
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Presidential system
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Structure of parliament
Structure of parliament: Unicameral, bicameral
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Unicameral
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IPU membership
Current membership status
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Yes
Data on women
Information on the current and historical representation of women in the parliament. Consult the 'Elections' tab to see how women have fared in elections or renewals.
Current representation
Women's representation in the current parliament or chamber
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Current number of members
Number of members who currently hold seats in parliament. May be lower or higher than the statutory number of members.
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160
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Women
The number of female parliamentarians who currently hold seats in parliament.
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32
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Percentage of women
Calculated by dividing the current number of women by the current number of members.
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20.0%
Speaker
Click for historical data
Secretary general
No information available
Chairs of specialized bodies
| Specialized body | Theme | Name | Sex | Age |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Women's Commission of the Congress of the Republic of Guatemala | Gender equality | Merana Oliva Aguilar de Díaz | Female | - |
Data on age at the start of the legislature
Number of members, by age (2024-01)
| 18 - 20 | 21 - 30 | 31 - 40 | 41 - 45 | 46 - 50 | 51 - 60 | 61 - 70 | 71 - 80 | 81 - 90 | 91 and over | Totals per gender | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male | 1 | 7 | 22 | 17 | 18 | 41 | 20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 126 |
| Female | 0 | 3 | 14 | 3 | 6 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 34 |
| Totals per age interval | 1 | 10 | 36 | 20 | 24 | 47 | 21 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 160 |
| Total <= 45: 67 | Total >= 46: 93 | ||||||||||
| Age at the last election or renewal | Overall | Male | Female |
|---|---|---|---|
| 6.9% | 5.0% | 1.9% | |
| 29.4% | 19% | 10.6% | |
| 41.9% | 29% | 12.5% |
Reserved seats and quotas
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There are reserved seats in parliament for certain groups
Reserved seats are a means to ensure the parliamentary representation of certain groups in society.
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No
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Electoral quota for women
Quotas to promote gender-balanced representation in parliament
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Yes
Notes: Voluntary political party quotas.
Sources: cf. individual party statutes.
First woman in parliament
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Year of first woman in parliament
Year in which the first woman entered parliament
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1954
Notes: 1954: Congress was dissolved following a military coup d'Etat in 1954.The next woman to be elected to Parliament was on 1 March 1956 by the drawing of lots.
First woman speaker
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Year of first woman speaker
Date at which, for the first time in the country's parliamentary history, a woman became Presiding Officer of Parliament or of one of its Houses.
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1991
Women’s suffrage
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Women’s right to vote
Year in which women obtained the right to vote. More than one year may be displayed depending on the status of the right: restricted or universal and changes in status.
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1946
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Restricted or universal suffrage
Suffrage: Restricted or Universal
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Restricted
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Women’s right to vote
Year in which women obtained the right to vote. More than one year may be displayed depending on the status of the right: restricted or universal and changes in status.
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1985
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Restricted or universal suffrage
Suffrage: Restricted or Universal
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Universal
Notes: The Constitution of 1985 extended the right to vote to all citizens and established equality between the sexes.
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Women's right to stand for election
Year in which women obtained the right to stand for election. More than one year may be displayed based on the status of the right: restricted or universal and shifts to the status.
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1946
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Restricted or universal
Stand for Election : Restricted or Universal
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Restricted
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Detail of restrictions
Stand for Election: Restrictions detail
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Women must be literate in order to stand for election
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Women's right to stand for election
Year in which women obtained the right to stand for election. More than one year may be displayed based on the status of the right: restricted or universal and shifts to the status.
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1965
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Restricted or universal
Stand for Election : Restricted or Universal
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Universal
Notes: According to the Electoral Law of 1946, suffrage was optional and secret for women, but obligatory for men. The 1956 Constitution made the vote obligatory for all literate women but maintained discrimination against illiterate women in that they could not stand for election. The 1965 Constitution extended the right to be elected to all citizens, yet the vote was still not compulsory for illiterate women.
Women's caucus
Women's caucuses or parliamentary groups that bring together women parliamentarians to strengthen cooperation and amplify their voices. For other parliamentary bodies or committees that have a specific mandate to address gender equality matters, see the ‘Specialized body – Gender equality’ tab.