Canada
House of Commons
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Political system
Political systems: Presidential, Parliamentary, Presidential-Parliamentary, Monarchy, Communist, Transitional.
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Parliamentary system
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Structure of parliament
Structure of parliament: Unicameral, bicameral
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Bicameral
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IPU membership
Current membership status
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Yes
Parliamentary mandate
Start and end of mandate
- Start of the parliamentary mandate for newly elected members
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When the member is sworn in
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Date of start of mandate for newly elected members
In some countries the parliamentary mandate always begins on a fixed date.
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No information available
- Start of the parliamentary mandate for appointed members
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Not applicable
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Date of start of mandate for appointed members
In some countries the parliamentary mandate always begins on a fixed date.
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No information available
- End of the parliamentary mandate
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Other
Notes: cf. Article 50 of the Constitution, Article 69 of the Parliament of Canada Act, and the Administrative Rules and Regulations of the Board of Internal Economy.
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Date of end of mandate
In some countries the parliamentary mandate always ends on a fixed date.
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No information available
Speaker
- Mode of designation of the Speaker
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The Speaker is elected from among the members of parliament/chamber
- Authority that designates the Speaker when the Speaker is designated from outside parliament.
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Rank of the Speaker in the hierarchy of the State
The Speaker often has a very high rank in the protocollary hierarchy of the State.
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Fifth
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Speaker becomes interim Head of State in the event of the latter’s death or incapacity
In some countries, the Speaker acts as interim Head of State when required by the circumstances, such as death or incapacity.
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No
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Speaker's mandate continues between legislatures
The mandate of the Speaker may continue until their successor is elected, even after the dissolution of parliament/chamber.
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No
Speaker terms
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The term of the Speaker is different from the term of the house
The term of the Speaker may be different from the term of the House (legislature).
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Yes
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Speaker's term
The term may be shorter than one year.
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4 Years
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Fixed election date for the Speaker, if any
Speakers in several parliaments are elected on a fixed date in accordance with the Constitution.
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No information available
Immunity and code of conduct
- Parliament’s authorization is required for the detention or prosecution of members
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No
- There is a Code of conduct for members
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Yes
- Links to codes of conduct
Salaries and allowances
- Members are paid salaries by parliament
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Yes(2020)
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Basic salary, per year
The figures are the gross amount before tax in national currency.
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189,500 CAD(2022)
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Basic salary, per year in PPP
The figures are provided by parliaments in national currency and converted to PPP dollars using World Bank conversion tables.
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154,065(2022)
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Basic allowances
“Basic allowances” are allowances that are automatically paid to all parliamentarians. They are received in advance as a lump sum at a flat rate. They are not intended to be reimbursement for any expenses. Basic allowances are sometimes called “representation allowance”, “supplemental allowance”, “end-of-year allowance”, etc.
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Click for historical data
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Basic allowance in PPP
The figures were provided by parliaments in national currency and converted to PPP dollars using World Bank conversion tables.
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324,838
- Names of the basic allowances
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Member’s Office Budget (MBO) provides members with funds to pay employee salaries, service contracts, wireless devices, some operating and travel costs and other expenses. Allowances vary across members, thus figures represent an average.
Parliamentary office
Constituency office
Travel allocations budget
An amount of $120 is deducted from the salary for each day, beyond 21 days in a session, that a Member does not attend a sitting of the House for reasons other than illness, public/official business, service in the Canadian Armed Forces, pregnancy, care of a newborn or newly adopted child.
See: https://www.ourcommons.ca/Content/MAS/mas-e.pdf
https://lop.parl.ca/sites/ParlInfo/default/en_CA/People/Salaries
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Members pay income tax on salaries
Salaries and/or allowances may be subject to income tax or equivalent.
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Yes
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Members pay income tax on allowances
Salaries and/or allowances may be subject to income tax or equivalent.
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Yes
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Members can have remunerated employment outside parliament
Certain parliaments allow MPs to exercise other remunerated employment outside parliament.
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Yes
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Members are required to declare income from other employment to parliament
In certain countries, MPs exercising other employment may be required to declare their income.
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Yes
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Additional salaries and allowances provided for leadership positions
The amount of salaries and allowances is generally higher for the Speaker/President. Some parliaments also provide for additional allowances to Chairs of Committees.
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Yes
Facilities, services and allowances for constituency work
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Personal staff to work directly for the parliamentarian
The personal staff to work directly for the parliamentarian is different from parliamentary staff work for the secretariat of Parliament.
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Yes
- Office at parliament
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Yes
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Constituency office
Certain countries provide for an office at constituency if it’s different from a seat of parliament, which is often in the capital. The office at constituency is applicable mainly to the countries using the Plurality/Majority system of elections.
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Yes
- Housing
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Yes
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Other cash or in-kind allowances for constituency work
The common in-kind allowances for constituency work include those for travel, overnight stay, etc.
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Yes
Notes:
Travel between constituency and Ottawa; official travel and accommodations around the constituency.
The Member's Budget Office (MBO) provides an Elector Supplement and/or a Geographic Supplement to. members who represent densely populated or geographically large constituencies (>500 sq km), or constituencies where transportation and communication facilities are limited
Additional salaries and allowances for leadership positions
| Salary | Allowances | |
|---|---|---|
| Speaker | Yes | Yes |
| Committee Chair | Yes | Yes |
Notes:
Basic salary per annum:
Prime Minister: $365,200
Speaker: $269,800
Leader Official Opposition: $269,800
Cabinet Ministers: $269,800
Leader Other Opposition Party: $244,400
Deputy Speaker: $227,700
Committee Chairs: $195,200
Additional allowances for parliamentarians with special roles (Speaker, minister, chairs of committees, etc.) are set out in the Parliament of Canada Act, the Salaries Act, the Ministries and Ministers of State Act and the National Security and Intelligence Committee of Parliamentarians Act.
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Salary of the Speaker
Some parliaments pay for additional salaries to the Speaker/President. Other parliaments have a separate amount of salaries for this post. The total amount of the salaries of the Speaker/President is indicated for both cases.
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269,800 CAD
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Salary of the Speaker in PPP
The figures were provided by parliaments in national currency and converted to PPP dollars using World Bank conversion tables.
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219,350
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Parliament determines the amount of salaries
Some parliaments determine the amount of salaries of MPs. The amount may be set by other institution than parliament.
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Yes
- Name of the body (or bodies) in parliament which determines the amount
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The Parliament of Canada Act for the House of Commons and the Senate of Canada.
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Parliament determines the amount of allowances
Some parliaments determine the amount of allowances of MPs. The amount may be set by other institution than parliament.
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No
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The parliamentary salary is determined in reference to another salary scale
In some countries, the amount of parliamentary salary is determined in reference to another salary scale, such as civil service salary scale, ministerial salary or the minimum wage of the country.
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No
- Information on salaries and allowances on the parliamentary website
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https://www.ourcommons.ca/Content/MAS/mas-e.pdf
https://lop.parl.ca/sites/ParlInfo/default/en_CA/People/Salaries
https://sencanada.ca/media/93509/spip-psep-full-complet-e.pdf
https://sencanada.ca/media/366237/sars_complete_2020-04-01_b.pdf
https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/p-1/page-9.html#h-390645
https://lop.parl.ca/sites/ParlInfo/default/en_CA/People/Salaries
- Links to information on salaries and allowances
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No information available
- Year data was last reported
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April 1, 2020 to March 31, 2021
Participation in the government
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Members of the government must also be members of parliament
Members of the government must also be members of parliament: Must be a member of parliament; Cannot be a member of parliament; Can be a member of parliament; Other
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Can be a member of parliament
- Number of members of the parliament/chamber who are also members of the government
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39(2024)
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Members for whom data is available
Number of members, at the start of the legislature, for whom age data is available
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308(2021)
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Percentage of members of parliament/chamber who are also members of the government
The percentage is calculated by dividing the number of members of the parliament/chamber who are also members of the government by the statutory number of members of parliament/chamber.
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11.6%(2024-01 - 2024-12)